Research on the treatment effects and drug resistances of long-term second-line antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients from Henan Province in China.
Result: Mutation K65R, associated with resistance to TDF, was found in four patients at baseline; however, after switching to second-line ART, K65R mutations were not detected.
Discussion: However, K65R was not detected in other patients after switching to second-line ART, which was consistent with Boyd et al.
Discussion: In our study, K65R was detected in four patients at baseline, which may be related to drugs used in the first-line ART; these four patients achieved viral suppression during second-line treatment.
Discussion: TDF was used in the second-line program; the mutations associated with resistance to TDF were K65R, TAM (M41 L, K70R, L210 W, T215F),
Long-term virological outcome in children receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy.
Result: K103N (48%), Y181C (37%), G190A/S (25%), Y188C/L (10%), V106M/A (8%), K65R (8%) and L100I (4%) were the major NNRTI DRMs observed in these 52 children.
Acquisition of tenofovir-susceptible, emtricitabine-resistant HIV despite high adherence to daily pre-exposure prophylaxis: a case report.
Introduction: In four of the five prior published cases of HIV acquisition despite high PrEP adherence, the virus demonstrated an M184V mutation in reverse transcriptase (RT) conferring resistance to FTC, and three of these viruses also had resistance mutations conferring reduced susceptibility to TDF (K70R or K65R) (Table 1).
Result: SGS was consistent with the standard genotype in detecting RT mutations: specifically L74V, L100I, M184V, and K103N were detected, but K65R and K70E were not.
HIV-1 Antiretroviral Resistance in Cuba, 2009-2014.
Result: K65R was only detected in 10 (0.06%) individuals tested between 2010 and 2013.
Discussion: The K65R mutation, which confers resistance to tenofovir, was rarely detected as a transmitted mutation, supporting previous work by our group suggesting that this should not affect the success of tenofovir-containing pre-exposure prophylaxis (PreP) if its use in the UK becomes more widespread 30.
HIV-1 antiretroviral drug resistance patterns in patients failing NNRTI-based treatment: results from a national survey in South Africa.
PMID: 27659733
2017
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: After M184V/I (82.7%), K65R was the most common NRTI mutation (45.8%).
Abstract: CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of tenofovir-based first-line regimens has dramatically increased the prevalence of K65R mutations in the HIV-1-infected South African population.
Abstract: The prevalence of K65R increased to 57.5% in patients failing a tenofovir regimen without prior stavudine exposure.
Infrequent development of drug resistance in HIV-1-infected treatment-naive subjects after 96 weeks of treatment with elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide or elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
Abstract: Primary resistance development to ARVs of the regimen occurred in 10 of 24 subjects in the E/C/F/TAF arm, and 8 of 24 subjects in the E/C/F/TDF arm (E/C/F/TAF: M184V/I, n=9; integrase strand-transfer inhibitor resistance-associated mutations [INSTI-RAMs], n=8; K65R/N, n=2; E/C/F/TDF: M184V/I, n=6; INSTI-RAMs, n=5; K65R/N, n=3).
Early virological failure and HIV drug resistance in Ugandan adults co-infected with tuberculosis.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2018
BMC infectious diseases
Browser Board
Co-occurred Entities
Filtrator
ViMRT