Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine maintenance strategy in virologically controlled adults with low HIV-1 DNA: 48 week results from a randomized, open-label, non-inferiority trial.
PMID: 33724373
2021
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Six VFs occurred in the tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine arm (two with emerging mutations M184V and K65R) versus two in the control arm (ITT difference 3.5%, 95% CI -1.9 to 9.4).
HIV Drug Resistance Mutations Detection by Next-Generation Sequencing during Antiretroviral Therapy Interruption in China.
Result: K65R was the most common low-frequency DRM with frequencies between 1% and 9%, concentrated at frequencies from 2% to 5%.
Result: It is interesting that this low-frequency K65R mutation is significantly unevenly distributed among subtypes; 5.7% (2/35) in CRF01_AE, when compared with 95.1% (58/61) in CRF07_BC and 93.1% (54/58) in CRF08_BC (p < 0.001).
Result: Moreover, K65R was still the most common low-frequency mutation at the follow-up.
Result: Within a year, some minority DRMs at frequencies 1%-10% remained unchanged, including: PI-related D30N, M46LI, I54VT and N88D, NRTI-related K65R and
Increased acquired protease inhibitor drug resistance mutations in minor HIV-1 quasispecies from infected patients suspected of failing on national second-line therapy in South Africa.
Conclusion: Using HTS-GRT, PI RAMs (V82A) and RTI RAMs (K65R, M184V or K103N) were identified in < 20% of the population that Sanger-based sequencing failed to identify, strengthening their role in detecting the acquired mutations early.
Result: Most of the DRMs in the minor viral quasispecies were observed in V82A mutation (n = 13) in protease and K65R (n = 5), K103N (n = 7) and M184V (n = 5) in reverse transcriptase.
Transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance in a large international cohort using next-generation sequencing: results from the Strategic Timing of Antiretroviral Treatment (START) study.
Result: Finally, the frequency of tenofovir resistance was estimated to be 1.3% at the 20% threshold, 1.6% at the 5% threshold, and 2.4% at the 2% threshold, despite the complete absence of the K65R mutation.
Result: Notably, the K65R mutation was not observed in any sample, even at the 2% threshold.
Switching to Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Adults With HIV and M184V/I Mutation.
PMID: 33315694
2021
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Method: Key exclusion criteria included presence of NRTI resistance mutations K65R, T69 insertion, K70E, or Q151M mutation complex and any primary integrase strand transfer inhibitor or protease inhibitor (PI) resistance mutations.
Long-term efficacy of dolutegravir plus lamivudine for maintenance of HIV viral suppression in adults with and without historical resistance to lamivudine: Week 96 results of ART-PRO pilot study.
PMID: 33200210
2021
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Baseline proviral DNA NGS detected lamivudine RAMs (M184V/I and/or K65R/E/N) above a 5% threshold in 71.4% (15/21) and 15% (3/20) of participants with and without history of lamivudine resistance, respectively.
Prevalence of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations Among Pretreatment and Antiretroviral Therapy-Failure HIV Patients in Uzbekistan.
PMID: 32873061
2021
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: In ART-experienced patients, cohort II, 77.4% (82/106) of viruses contained at least one mutation against PIs, NRTIs, or NNRTIs, with the most common mutations of M184V/I (49.1%; 52/106), K65R (18.9%; 20/106), K103N (23.6%; 25/106), and G190S (22.6%; 24/106).
HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Genetic Transmission Networks Among MSM Failing Antiretroviral Therapy in South China 2014-2019.
Abstract: The most common DRMs were M184I/V (42.2%), followed by V179D/E (37.9%) and K65R (27.2%).
Result: Among the NRTI DRMs, M184I/V (42.2%, 166/393) was the most frequent, followed by K65R (27.2%, 107/393).
Result: The most common NRTI mutation pattern was M184V+K65R, with a frequency of 15.0% (59/393).
Table: K65R
Discussion: A high frequency of K65R plus M184V/I (15.0%) was observed in this study, and K65R plus M184 V/I appeared sufficient t
Development of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Resistance to 4'-Ethynyl-2-Fluoro-2'-Deoxyadenosine Starting with Wild-Type or Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Resistant Strains.
PMID: 34516245
2021
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: To study EFdA resistance patterns that may emerge in naive or tenofovir (TFV)-, emtricitabine/lamivudine (FTC/3TC)-, or zidovudine (AZT)-treated patients, we performed viral passaging experiments starting with WT, K65R, M184V, or D67N/K70R/T215F/K219Q HIV-1.
Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in Black Americans With HIV-1: A Randomized Phase 3b, Multicenter, Open-Label Study.
PMID: 34397746
2021
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Method: Participants had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >=50 mL per minute (calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault equation) and no documented history of resistance to INSTIs or tenofovir (TFV) resistance defined as K65R/E/N mutations, >=3 thymidine analog mutations, or T69 insertions (See Appendix, Supplemental Digital Content, http://links.lww.com/QAI/B674).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
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