HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis Formation via ROS-Dependent Upregulation of Twist.
PMID: 31885806
2019
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity
Result: Based on this, we designed RT_A with M184V and K65R/N (RT_An) and RT_A with K103N and G190S (RT_Ann) which we predicted to have reduced polymerase and RNase H activities, respectively.
Result: The most frequent mutation of resistance to NRTI worldwide is M184V/I, followed by K65R/N, L74V/I, Y115F, and Q151M, and the most prevalent for FSU_A is M184V, followed by K65R/N.
Switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide maintained HIV-1 RNA suppression in participants with archived antiretroviral resistance including M184V/I.
PMID: 31430369
2019
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Method: Primary NRTI-R substitutions were M41L, K65R/E/N, D67N, T69 insertions, K70E/R, L74V/I, Y115F, Q151M, M184V/I, L210W, T215Y/F and K219E/Q/N/R in RT.
Result: All participants with pre-existing K65R/N or three or mor
Result: Pre-existing K65R/N substitutions were found in 1.3% (7/543) of participants in the BIC/FTC/TAF treatment group.
Table: K65R/N
Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance in a Large US Clinic Population.
Method: Several additional DRMs not on the SDRM list were analyzed including (1) the primarily tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-selected DRMs A62V, K65N, and K70G/N/Q/S/T and (2) the primarily rilpivirine (RPV)-selected DRMs E138A/G/K/Q, of which E138A is polymorphic, occurring in 1%-4% of viruses from ART-naive individuals.
Rare emergence of drug resistance in HIV-1 treatment-naive patients receiving elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide for 144 weeks.
Abstract: Resistant virus emerged in 24 patients who developed resistance to antiretrovirals in the regimens (E/C/F/TAF: M184V/I [1.3%], INSTI-RAMs [0.9%], K65R/N [0.2%]; E/C/F/TDF: M184V/I [1.0%], INSTI-RAMs [0.9%], K65R/N [0.5%]).
Mutational Correlates of Virological Failure in Individuals Receiving a WHO-Recommended Tenofovir-Containing First-Line Regimen: An International Collaboration.
Introduction: It is not known, however, whether K65R/N and K70E/G/Q represent the full spectrum of NRTI-associated mutations in individuals receiving a WHO-recommended first-line TDF-containing regimen.
Discussion: Because most of the additional TDF-selected TRAMs usually occurred in combination with K65R, the overall prevalence of one or more of the 12 TDF-selected TRAMs in this study was only slightly higher than the overall prevalence of K65R/N and/or K70E/G/Q in individuals with VF on a TDF-containing first-line WHO recommended regimen (54
Discussion: In conclusion, this study shows that the spectrum of TDF-selected mutations extends beyond K65R/N and K70E/G/Q.
Rates of virological suppression and drug resistance in adult HIV-1-positive patients attending primary healthcare facilities in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
PMID: 28981637
2017
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: DRMs were detected in 89% of 123 specimens with VF, including M184I/V, K103N/S, K65N/R, V106A/M and Y181C.
Infrequent development of drug resistance in HIV-1-infected treatment-naive subjects after 96 weeks of treatment with elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide or elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate.
Abstract: Primary resistance development to ARVs of the regimen occurred in 10 of 24 subjects in the E/C/F/TAF arm, and 8 of 24 subjects in the E/C/F/TDF arm (E/C/F/TAF: M184V/I, n=9; integrase strand-transfer inhibitor resistance-associated mutations [INSTI-RAMs], n=8; K65R/N, n=2; E/C/F/TDF: M184V/I, n=6; INSTI-RAMs, n=5; K65R/N, n=3).
Global epidemiology of drug resistance after failure of WHO recommended first-line regimens for adult HIV-1 infection: a multicentre retrospective cohort study.
PMID: 26831472
2016
The Lancet. Infectious diseases
Abstract: Our primary outcome was tenofovir resistance, defined as presence of K65R/N or K70E/G/Q mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT) gene.
Method: Our primary outcome was tenofovir resistance, defined as presence of K65R/N or K70E/G/Q mutations in the RT gene.
[Analysis of HIV-1 drug resistance among 1 922 individuals experiencing virological failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy in Henan province].
PMID: 26833003
2015
Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
Abstract: K65R/N and Q151M complex existed in 23 and 4 patients, respectively.
HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance in Honduras after a Decade of Widespread Antiretroviral Therapy.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2019
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity
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