Comparison of genotypic and virtual phenotypic drug resistance interpretations with laboratory-based phenotypes among CRF01_AE and subtype B HIV-infected individuals.
Result: Protease (PR) RAMs detected from this outlier sample were M46I, I47V and I84V, and reverse transcriptase (RT) RAMs were A62V, D67N, K70R, V75I, F116Y, Q151M and K219Q.
Discussion: Other RT RAMs found in the CRF01_AE sample were thymidine analogue-associated mutations (TAMs) which included D67N, K70R and K219Q.
HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations in Newly Diagnosed Antiretroviral-Naive Patients in Turkey.
PMID: 26414663
2016
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: However, TAMs were divided into three categories and M41L, L210W, and T215Y mutations were found for TAM1 in 97 (7.4%) patients, D67N, K70R, K219E/Q/N/R, T215F, and T215C/D/S mutations were detected for TAM2 in 52 (3.9%) patients, and M41L + K219N and M41L + T215C/D/S mutations were detected for the TAM1 + TAM2 profile in 22 (1.7%) patients, respectively.
Clinical, virological and phylogenetic characterization of a multiresistant HIV-1 strain outbreak in naive patients in southern Spain.
PMID: 26483513
2016
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: BACKGROUND: We describe the characteristics of an HIV-1 strain with six viral reverse transcriptase mutations (D67N, T69N/D, V118I, V179D, T215S and K219Q), which we have called the Malaga strain.
Increasing HIV-1 Drug Resistance Between 2010 and 2012 in Adults Participating in Population-Based HIV Surveillance in Rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
PMID: 27002368
2016
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Discussion: The first was a male individual infected with a virus with multiclass resistance (NNRTI+NRTI), including two TAMs (D67N and K219Q) and the T215 revertant (T215A).
Antiviral Activity of Bictegravir (GS-9883), a Novel Potent HIV-1 Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor with an Improved Resistance Profile.
PMID: 27645238
2016
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Method: The virus 6TAMs, containing six resistance mutations in HIV-1 RT (M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y, and K219Q) that confer resistance to thymidine analogs, was constructed by cloning a PCR-amplified RT-encoding fragment from HIV-infected patient-derived plasma.
Resolution of Specific Nucleotide Mismatches by Wild-Type and AZT-Resistant Reverse Transcriptases during HIV-1 Replication.
Abstract: Outcomes for wild-type (WT) RT and an AZT-resistant (AZT(R)) RT containing a thymidine analog mutation set-D67N, K70R, Method: To construct an AZTR RT-containing version of pCMVDeltaR8.2, the following amino acid substitutions that confer resistance to AZT: D67N, K70R, T215F, and K219Q were introduced into an HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) gene fragment using overlap extension PCR, sequenced, and used to replace wild-type sequences between AgeI and BclI in pCMVDeltaR8.2 to produce pCBN103-18, which contains an AZT-resistant (AZTR) RT gene.
HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Treatment Naive and Experienced Panamanian Subjects: Impact on National Use of EFV-Based Schemes.
Result: Fifteen combinations were observed among 46 ARV drug-experienced subjects with 3 TAMs; where 39% of these subjects harbored the combination M41L + T215Y + L210W, followed in 11% by combination of D67N + K70R + K219Q.
Result: In ARV drug-experienced subjects, TAMs found were T215Y/F (26.8%), K70R (15.2%), M41L (13.7%), K219E/Q (12.2%), D67N (10.9%), and L210W (7.5%) (Fig 1A).
Result: In ARV drug-naive subjects, observed TAMs were T215rev (2.0%), T215F (0.4%), M41L (2.0%),
Adherence to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention in a Clinical Setting.
Result: The following mutations associated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) drug resistance were detected: D67N, M184V, T215S, and K219Q.
HIV Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naive Individuals in the Largest Public Hospital in Nicaragua, 2011-2015.
Discussion: In only two cases, this mutation was accompanied by other DR variants within 5%-10% frequency: K101E and K219Q.
Epidemiological Surveillance of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Spain in 2004-2012: Relevance of Transmission Clusters in the Propagation of Resistance Mutations.
Result: Considering the 79 sequences with TDR to NRTIs, thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) were the most frequently detected, of which the most common were T215 revertants, present in 48 (60.7%) individuals, M41L in 20 (25.3%), K219Q/R/N/E in 19 (24%), L210W in 14 (17.7%), and D67N in 13.9%.
Discussion: The most frequent TDR mutations to NRTIs were revertant mutations at 215 position (215rev) (60.7%), followed by M41L (25.3%) and K219Q/R/N/E (24%).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2016
Journal of medical virology
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