Result: For a number of TDRMs, no loss could be observed during the observation period (S1 Table) and, according to their maximal duration of observation, the following TDRMs seem to survive for lengthy periods in the absence of ART: the NRTI resistance mutations D67N (5.9 years), K70R (6.9 years), F77L (10.2 years), T215E (5.9 years) and K219Q (5.9 years), the NNRTI resistance mutations A98G (6.5 years) and Y188L (5.9 years) as well as the PI mutations I54L (5.9 years) and L90M (8.4 years) (S1 Table).
Result: The presence of three or more TDRMs was mainly due to the accum
Persistence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Proviral Deoxyribonucleic Acid After Virologic Failure of Efavirenz-Containing Antiretroviral Regimens.
PMID: 30863788
2019
Open forum infectious diseases
HIV-1 drug resistance testing is essential for heavily-treated patients switching from first- to second-line regimens in resource-limited settings: evidence from routine clinical practice in Cameroon.
Abstract: Thymidine-analogue mutations (TAMs)-1 [T215FY (46.53%), M41 L (22.77%), L210 W (8.91%)], with cross-resistance to AZT and TDF, were higher compared to TAMs-2 [D67N (21.78%), K70R (19.80%), K219QE (18.81%)].
Result: Of note, TAMs-1 were predominant (T215F/Y: 46.5%; M41 L: 22.8%; L210 W: 8.9%) and associated with higher levels of resistance to both AZT and TDF; as compared to TAMs-2 that had relatively lower prevalence (D67N: 21.8%; K70R: 19.8%; K219Q/E: 18.8%) and were associated preferentially with AZT/D4T-resistance.
HIV Drug Resistance Mutations in Patients with HIV and HIV-TB Coinfection After Failure of First-Line Therapy: A Prevalence Study in a Resource-Limited Setting.
PMID: 31117863
2019
Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
Table: K219Q
HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Amino Acids Signatures Associated with Clade B Transmitted/Founder and Recent Viruses.
Abstract: The most prevalent_Nucleoside_Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI) mutations were_M184V/I_(67.3%),_K219/Q/E_(22.6%) and_K65R_(21.1%).
Impact of the M184V/I Mutation on the Efficacy of Abacavir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir Therapy in HIV Treatment-Experienced Patients.
PMID: 31660328
2019
Open forum infectious diseases
Method: Information on thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs; M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E) before the switch to ABC/3TC/DTG also was obtained.
Kinetics of Archived M184V Mutation in Treatment-Experienced Virally Suppressed HIV-Infected Patients.
PMID: 31660328
2019
Open forum infectious diseases
Result: Among the 21 patients who experienced VF, 2 had 3 archived TAMs (D67N, K70R, and K219Q/E and M41L, K70R, and K219Q/E), including the M184V/I mutation.
Result: One patient had 2 TAMs (D67N and K219Q/E) without an archived M184V/I mutation.
Antiretroviral drug resistance mutations among patients failing first-line treatment in Hanoi, Vietnam.
Discussion: The accumulation of other mutations observed included TAMs (including M41L, L210W, T215Y, K70R, D67N, T215F and K219Q), resulting in increased resistance to AZT, TDF, D4T, ABC and ddI.
Discussion: This result was in line with that of Yahi N et al, who found that T215F mutation was preferentially associated with K70R (>71%), D67N (>73%) and K219Q/E/N (>76%), whereas T215Y mutation was associated with M41L (>84%) and L210W (>58%).
Genetic diversity and antiretroviral resistance-associated mutation profile of treated and naive HIV-1 infected patients from the Northwest and Southwest regions of Cameroon.
Result: Eleven (25%, 11/44) of the RTRM were thymidine analogue mutations (T215FY [2.5%, 6/239], K70R [1.7%, 4/239] and 0.8% (2/239) each of D67N, L210W, M41L, and K219Q/E (Fig 2).
Table: K219E/Q
Detection of human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 phylogenetic clusters with multidrug resistance mutations among 2011 to 2017 blood donors from the highly endemic Northern Brazilian Amazon.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2019
PloS one
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