Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance in a Large US Clinic Population.
Method: A subset of the NRTI-associated SDRMs were classified as thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) including M41L, D67N/G, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, K219Q/E/R/N, and the T215 revertants T215C/D/E/I/S/V (which evolve from T215F/Y in the absence of selective drug pressure).
Impact of the M184V/I Mutation on the Efficacy of Abacavir/Lamivudine/Dolutegravir Therapy in HIV Treatment-Experienced Patients.
PMID: 31660328
2019
Open forum infectious diseases
Method: Information on thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs; M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E) before the switch to ABC/3TC/DTG also was obtained.
Predicted antiviral activity of tenofovir versus abacavir in combination with a cytosine analogue and the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir in HIV-1-infected South African patients initiating or failing first-line ART.
PMID: 30380053
2019
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Result: When DRM5% were assessed, double the number of NRTI mutations were found (n = 22), mostly represented by K65R (n = 4/22, 18.2%) and the TAMs D67N and K219EQ (Figure 1b).
Virological outcomes of boosted protease inhibitor-based first-line ART in subjects harbouring thymidine analogue-associated mutations as the sole form of transmitted drug resistance.
PMID: 30544247
2019
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Method: TAMs comprised the RT mutations M41L, D67N/G/E, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F/rev and K219Q/E/N/R; T215rev comprised any change from T215 other than T215Y and T215F.
Table: K219E
Table: K219Q/E
Prevalence and persistence of transmitted drug resistance mutations in the German HIV-1 Seroconverter Study Cohort.
Result: The presence of three or more TDRMs was mainly due to the accumulation of Thymidine-Analogue-Mutations (TAMs: M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, T215 revertants and K219E/Q), which usually occur in mutation patterns.
Persistence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Proviral Deoxyribonucleic Acid After Virologic Failure of Efavirenz-Containing Antiretroviral Regimens.
PMID: 30863788
2019
Open forum infectious diseases
HIV-1 drug resistance testing is essential for heavily-treated patients switching from first- to second-line regimens in resource-limited settings: evidence from routine clinical practice in Cameroon.
Abstract: Thymidine-analogue mutations (TAMs)-1 [T215FY (46.53%), M41 L (22.77%), L210 W (8.91%)], with cross-resistance to AZT and TDF, were higher compared to TAMs-2 [D67N (21.78%), K70R (19.80%), K219QE (18.81%)].
Result: Of note, TAMs-1 were predominant (T215F/Y: 46.5%; M41 L: 22.8%; L210 W: 8.9%) and associated with higher levels of resistance to both AZT and TDF; as compared to TAMs-2 that had relatively lower prevalence (D67N: 21.8%; K70R: 19.8%; K219Q/E: 18.8%) and were associated preferentially with AZT/D4T-resistance.
High Efficacy of Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in People with Suppressed HIV and Preexisting M184 V/I.
PMID: 31430369
2019
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Method: Primary NRTI-R substitutions were M41L, K65R/E/N, D67N, T69 insertions, K70E/R, L74V/I, Y115F, Q151M, M184V/I, L210W, T215Y/F and K219E/Q/N/R in RT.
Result: Pre-existing NRTI-R substitutions were observed in 16% (89/543) of BIC/FTC/TAF-treated participants; the most frequently detected substitutions were M184V/I in 10% (54/543) and thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs; M41L
High Efficacy of Switching to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in People with Suppressed HIV and Preexisting M184 V/I.
PMID: 31660328
2019
Open forum infectious diseases
Result: Among the 21 patients who experienced VF, 2 had 3 archived TAMs (D67N, K70R, and K219Q/E and M41L, K70R, and K219Q/E), including the M184V/I mutation.
Result: One patient had 2 TAMs (D67N and K219Q/E) without an archived M184V/I mutation.
Switching to bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide maintained HIV-1 RNA suppression in participants with archived antiretroviral resistance including M184V/I.
PMID: 31430369
2019
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2019
Clinical infectious diseases
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