Result: The most frequently observed reverse transcriptase (RT) drug resistance mutations in NRTI-experienced patients were M184I/V (64.2%), D67N (25.9%), K70R (19.6%), K219Q/E (17.9%) and T215Y/F (13.4%).
Virological response, HIV-1 drug resistance mutations and genetic diversity among patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy in N'Djamena, Chad: findings from a cross-sectional study.
Abstract: Overall, 32% (37/116) patients presented >= one major drug resistant mutation(s), with 29% (34/116) to nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (67% [29/43] M184V/I, 30% [13/43] T215Y/F, 19% [8/43] V75A/F/I/L/M, 9% [4/43] K70P/R/W, 9% [4/43] Result: Out of the 43 sequences generated, the most prevalent DRMs were: (67% [29/43] M184V/I, 30% [13/43] T215Y/F, 19% [8/43] V75A/F/I/L/M, 9% [4/43] K70P/R/W, 9% [4/43] K219E/N/Q and 5% [2/43] A62V, followed by other DRMs observed at low rates.
Antiretroviral activity and safety of once-daily etravirine in treatment-naive HIV-infected adults: 48-week results.
Result: All 3 participants who had genotype testing showed RAMs; two had isolated RAMs (one E138K and the other Y181C), and the third had multiple RAMs (V75I, E138K, Y181C, M184I, K219E, and M230L).
Comparison of genotypic and virtual phenotypic drug resistance interpretations with laboratory-based phenotypes among CRF01_AE and subtype B HIV-infected individuals.
Abstract: The most common NRTI mutations were M184V (80%), L74V (31%), L74I (17%), K219E (9%), and M184I (9%), NNRTI mutations were K103N (83%), P225H (14%), L100I (11%), and Y188L (11%), reflecting generally the similar pattern of DRMs to that seen in treatment failed subtype B viruses.
HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations in Newly Diagnosed Antiretroviral-Naive Patients in Turkey.
PMID: 26414663
2016
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: However, TAMs were divided into three categories and M41L, L210W, and T215Y mutations were found for TAM1 in 97 (7.4%) patients, D67N, K70R, K219E/Q/N/R, T215F, and T215C/D/S mutations were detected for TAM2 in 52 (3.9%) patients, and M41L + K219N and M41L + T215C/D/S mutations were detected for the TAM1 + TAM2 profile in 22 (1.7%) patients, respectively.
Biochemical characterization of a multi-drug resistant HIV-1 subtype AG reverse transcriptase: antagonism of AZT discrimination and excision pathways and sensitivity to RNase H inhibitors.
Abstract: We analyzed a multi-drug resistant (MR) HIV-1
Result: Finally, in July 2008 four out of six TAMs relevant for highly efficient AZTMP excision (M41L, D67N, T215Y and K219E, missing K70R and L210W) as well as four out of five discrimination mutations (A62V, V75I, F116Y and Q151M, lacking F77I) were present.
Result: In May 2003 the accessory TAM K219E occurred (Supplementary Table S1) although at that point in time the two NRTIs 3TC and TDF, which are not readily excised, were used (Supplementary Table S2).
Surveillance of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Result: This decreasing trend was associated with reductions in frequency of several DR mutations including D67N, K70R, M184V, L210W, T215F, T215Y, and K219E (p<0.05; Fig 5).
Discussion: 3.1%, p<0.0001), with a significant reduction in the frequency of M184V and of most thymidine analogue mutations (TAM), including D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F, T215Y, and K219E.
Treatment failure and drug resistance in HIV-positive patients on tenofovir-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in western Kenya.
PMID: 27231099
2016
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Table: K219E
HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Treatment Naive and Experienced Panamanian Subjects: Impact on National Use of EFV-Based Schemes.
Result: In ARV drug-experienced subjects, TAMs found were T215Y/F (26.8%), K70R (15.2%), M41L (13.7%), K219E/Q (12.2%), D67N (10.9%), and L210W (7.5%) (Fig 1A).
Result: In ARV drug-naive subjects, observed TAMs were T215rev (2.0%), T215F (0.4%), M41L (2.0%), K219EQ (0.4%) and L210W (0.4%) (Fig 1A).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2017
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