Research on the treatment effects and drug resistances of long-term second-line antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected patients from Henan Province in China.
Fidelity of classwide-resistant HIV-2 reverse transcriptase and differential contribution of K65R to the accuracy of HIV-1 and HIV-2 reverse transcriptases.
Introduction: Unlike HIV-1, HIV-2 does not develop resistance to nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs) through the excision pathway (involving amino acid substitutions M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y and K219E/Q in the viral RT), but relies exclusively on nucleotide discrimination.
HIV-1 drug-resistant mutations and related risk factors among HIV-1-positive individuals experiencing treatment failure in Hebei Province, China.
Mutational Correlates of Virological Failure in Individuals Receiving a WHO-Recommended Tenofovir-Containing First-Line Regimen: An International Collaboration.
Method: Because of the possibility that some individuals may have received a thymidine analog before receiving a TDF-containing regimen, as such switches may not have always reported, we excluded from our analysis individuals with sequences containing one or more canonical thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) - M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E.
High level of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in patients with unsuppressed viral loads in rural northern South Africa.
Result: Interestingly, four DRM were detected in a greater proportion of the population using the DNA assay, of which three were TAMs; namely D67N, K70R and K219Q/R/E.
Result: More than half of these mutations (K65R, D67N, K70R, L74V, V75I/S, Y115F, K219Q/E, K101E/P/H, K103N, V106AM, Y181C and Y188L/H) were significantly more prevalent (p < 0.05) in the rural settings of Limpopo than in urban Pretoria (Table 2).
Week 48 resistance analysis of Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir DF versus Atazanavir + Ritonavir + Emtricitabine/Tenofovir DF in HIV-1 infected women (WAVES study GS-US-236-0128).
Result: Among the two TAMs pathways, TAM-2 which features D67N, K70R, T215F, and K219E/Q mutations was more common than the TAM-1 which features M41L, L210W and T215Y.
Discussion: Lastly, the study in one side identified an increasing common mutational pathways overtime with two thymidine non-analog (M184V and K65R) and three thymidine analog (D67N, K70R and K219E) major nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-associated DRMs and four major NNRTI-as
Observed HIV drug resistance associated mutations amongst naive immunocompetent children in Yaounde, Cameroon.
Abstract: The observed mutations for NRTI were K65R, T215I and K219E (33.0% each) and for NNRTI: V106M, Y181C and Y188H (6.0% each).
Gag P2/NC and pol genetic diversity, polymorphism, and drug resistance mutations in HIV-1 CRF02_AG- and non-CRF02_AG-infected patients in Yaounde, Cameroon.
Method: Analysis of pol sequences showed that 11 of these 32 subjects (34.3%) were infected with viruses harboring major DRMs, including major resistance mutations to NRTIs such as D67N, K70R, M184V, K219Q/E, T215F, and T69N; and major resistance mutations to NNRTIs such as Y181C, K103N, V106A/M, P225H, Y188L, H221Y, V108I, L100I (Tables 2 and 3).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2018
BMC infectious diseases
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