literature

HIV mutation literature information.

High resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype circulating recombinant form 02_AG in Ghana and on antiretroviral therapy.

PMID: 32049783 2020 Medicine

Discussion: T215Y/F and K219E are major TAMs which give rise to high-level resistance to Zidovudine and Stavudine, especially when the mutations occur in concert with accessory TAMs like M41L, D67N, and K70R.

Discussion: Other mutations detected in this study, which have been shown to confer resistance to NRTIs, were M184I, T69N, L74I, M41L, K70R/E, T215Y/F, and K219E.

HIV-1 acquired drug resistance to integrase inhibitors in a cohort of antiretroviral therapy multi-experienced Mexican patients failing to raltegravir: a cross-sectional study.

PMID: 32041622 2020 AIDS research and therapy

Table: K219E

Trend of HIV-1 drug resistance in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis of data accumulated over 17 years (2001-2017).

PMID: 31922125 2020 EClinicalMedicine

Table: K219E/Q

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Viral Load Is Elevated in Individuals With Reverse-Transcriptase Mutation M184V/I During Virological Failure of First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy and Is Associated With Compensatory Mutation L74I.

PMID: 31774913 2020 The Journal of infectious diseases

Method: Because some individuals may have been exposed to thymidine analogs before TDF-containing regimens, we excluded individuals with sequences containing TAMs:M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, and K219Q/E.

Drug Resistance Mutations Against Protease, Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors in People Living With HIV-1 Receiving Boosted Protease Inhibitors in South Africa.

PMID: 32265875 2020 Frontiers in microbiology

Result: The K219E/Q mutation occurred in six (6%) patients receiving AZT plus 3TC, and in two (2%) patients receiving FTC plus TDF.

Table: K219E/Q

Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 drug-resistant mutations among adults on first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy in a resource-limited health facility in Busia County, Kenya.

PMID: 33654530 2020 The Pan African medical journal

Table: K219E

Nucleocapsid Protein Precursors NCp9 and NCp15 Suppress ATP-Mediated Rescue of AZT-Terminated Primers by HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase.

PMID: 32747359 2020 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Abstract: In HIV-1, development of resistance to AZT (3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine) is mediated by the acquisition of thymidine analogue resistance mutations (TAMs) (i.e., M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, and K219E/Q) in the viral reverse transcriptase (RT).

Prevalence and characteristics of HIV drug resistance among antiretroviral treatment (ART) experienced adolescents and young adults living with HIV in Ndola, Zambia.

PMID: 32804970 2020 PloS one

Abstract: Common TAMs were K70RTQNE (32.8%), K219QE (22.4%), D67N (17.2%) and T215IT (15.5%).

Result: Among the NRTI mutations, the most common Thymidine Analogue Mutations (TAM's) were K70RTQNE (32.8%), K219QE (22.4%), D67N (17.2%), T215IT (15.5%) and M41L (5.2%).

Discussion: In terms of HIVDR to NRTI, the prevalence of any TAMs was at 32.8% and the most common TAM's were K70R/T/Q/N/E (32.8%), K219Q/E (22.4%), D67N

Virologic suppression in patients with a documented M184V/I mutation based on the number of active agents in the antiretroviral regimen.

PMID: 33014372 2020 SAGE open medicine

Table: K219E/Q/R

Table: K219E/Q

Patterns of acquired HIV-1 drug resistance mutations and predictors of virological failure in Moshi, Northern Tanzania.

PMID: 32986709 2020 PloS one

Result: Identified TAMs were T215YF (n = 9), K219QE (n = 7), K70R (n = 7), D67N (n = 6), M41L (n = 4), and L210W (n = 3) (Table 3).

Table: K219E