Abstract: When used with ritonavir, the accumulation of six or more mutations among L10F/I/V, K20M/R, E35D, R41K, I54V, L63P, V82A/F/T/S and I84V leads to clear decrease in viral response to treatment.
Antiretroviral resistance and genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from the Federal District, Central Brazil.
PMID: 15761606
2004
Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Abstract: Minor mutations were also found at the protease gene: L10I/V (7%), K20M (2%), M36I (11%), L63P (20%), A71T (2%), and V77I (7%).
Comparison of drug resistance mutations and their interpretation in patients infected with non-B HIV-1 variants and matched patients infected with HIV-1 subtype B.
PMID: 15097148
2004
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: In the protease gene, differences between patients infected with B or non-B strains were mainly observed for mutations playing a minor role in drug resistance and known to occur mainly as a natural polymorphism in non-B strains: K20R/M/I, M36I, L63P, A71V/T, and V77I.
HIV-1 phenotypic susceptibility to lopinavir (LPV) and genotypic analysis in LPV/r-naive subjects with prior protease inhibitor experience.
PMID: 12869832
2003
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: Current PI therapy (P = 0.002) and indinavir administration (P < 0.001), >5 LPV/r mutations (P < 0.0012), and detection of L10FIRV, K20MR, M46IL, I54VL, A71VT, G73SA, V82AFTS, I84V, and M90L were associated with LPV resistance in univariate analysis.
Abstract: Factors independently associated with LPV resistance were K20MR (odds ratio [OR], 13.9; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-145.1; P = 0.028), I54VL (OR, 131.7; 95% CI, 10.5-1654.7; P < 0.001), G73SA (OR, 19.2; 95%
Brazilian Network for HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance (HIV-BResNet): a survey of chronically infected individuals.
Abstract: Accessory mutations were found in the PR gene at the following positions: L63P/V/T/A/I [153/345 (44.3%)], M36I/L [149/345 (43.2%)], L10I/F/V [82/345 (23.8%)], V77I [60/345 (17.4%)], A71V/T [11/345 (3.2%)], K20M/R [10/345 (2.9%)], and V82I [4/345 (1.2%)].
Genotypic inhibitory quotient as predictor of virological response to ritonavir-amprenavir in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor-experienced patients.
PMID: 12543665
2003
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: Baseline PI resistance mutations (L10F/I/V, K20M/R, E35D, R41K, I54V, L63P, V82A/F/T/S, I84V) identified by univariate analysis and included in a genotypic score and APV C(min) at week 8 were predictive of the virological response at week 12.
Identification of genotypic changes in human immunodeficiency virus protease that correlate with reduced susceptibility to the protease inhibitor lopinavir among viral isolates from protease inhibitor-experienced patients.
Abstract: Mutations at positions 82, 54, 10, 63, 71, and 84 were most closely associated with relatively modest (4- and 10-fold) changes in phenotype, while the K20M/R and F53L mutations, in conjunction with multiple other mutations, were associated with >20- and >40-fold-reduced susceptibility, respectively.
Abstract: Two statistical tests showed that specific mutations at 11 amino acid positions in protease (L10F/I/R/V, K20M/R, L24I, M46I/L, F53L, I54L/T/V, L63P, A71I/L/T/V, V82A/F/T, I84V
An alternate binding site for the P1-P3 group of a class of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors as a result of concerted structural change in the 80s loop of the protease.
Abstract: Structures of the complexes of HIV protease inhibitor L--756,423 with the HIV-1 wild-type protease and of the inhibitors Indinavir, L-739,622 and Saquinavir with the mutant protease (9X) containing nine point mutations (Leu10Val, Lys20Met, Leu24Ile, Ser37Asp, Met46Ile, Ile54Val, Leu63Pro, Ala71Val, Val82Thr) have been determined.
Genetic diversity of protease and reverse transcriptase sequences in non-subtype-B human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains: evidence of many minor drug resistance mutations in treatment-naive patients.
PMID: 11060045
2000
Journal of clinical microbiology
Abstract: In order of decreasing frequency, the following mutations were identified in the protease gene: M36I (86.6%), L10I/V (26%), L63P (12.6%), K20M/R (11.2%), V77I (5.6%), A71V (2.8%), L33F (0.7%), and M46I (0.7%).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2005
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