HIV mutation literature information.


  Short communication. Antiretroviral drug resistance among drug-naive HIV-1-infected individuals in Djibouti (Horn of Africa).
 PMID: 16312182       2005       Antiviral therapy
Abstract: The most frequent were secondary mutations associated with protease inhibitors (PIs): M36I, R41K and K20I/R.


  Impact of frequent natural polymorphisms at the protease gene on the in vitro susceptibility to protease inhibitors in HIV-1 non-B subtypes.
 PMID: 15465415       2004       Journal of clinical virology
Abstract: The first virus, which had K20I, M36I and V82I, showed 2.9-fold decreased susceptibility to APV, while the second virus showed 3.9-fold decreased susceptibility to both NFV and RTV, with amino acid substitutions K20I, M36I, L63P and V82I.


  Comparison of drug resistance mutations and their interpretation in patients infected with non-B HIV-1 variants and matched patients infected with HIV-1 subtype B.
 PMID: 15097148       2004       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: In the protease gene, differences between patients infected with B or non-B strains were mainly observed for mutations playing a minor role in drug resistance and known to occur mainly as a natural polymorphism in non-B strains: K20R/M/I, M36I, L63P, A71V/T, and V77I.


  High incidence of non-B and recombinant HIV-1 strains in newly diagnosed patients in Galicia, Spain: study of genotypic resistance.
 PMID: 14518705       2003       Antiviral therapy
Abstract: In one patient (1.2%) infected with a subtype G strain, resistance-associated mutations in PR (K20I+M36I+M46I+V82I) were detected.
Abstract: Several polymorphisms in RT: D123S, Q174K, D177E, T200A, V245Q, and PR: I13V, K20I, M36I, R41K, H69K, L89M were detected more frequently in non-B and recombinants than in B strains (P<0.01 to P<0.001).


  Patterns of point mutations associated with antiretroviral drug treatment failure in CRF01_AE (subtype E) infection differ from subtype B infection.
 PMID: 12843744       2003       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: The mutations T69N and V75M in reverse transcriptase and L10F, K20I, L33I, and N88S in protease were seen more frequently in patients infected with CRF01_AE than in patients with subtype B.


  [Drug resistance of HIV-infected patients after the failure of highly active antiretroviral treatment].
 PMID: 12734932       2003       Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban
Abstract: Mutations such as V179I in RT and K20T, K20I etc in protease may be related to drug resistance.
Abstract: Some mutations existed in some patients, such as V179I in RT and K20T, K20I in protease, which hadn't been reported in the resistant database of Stanford University yet.


  Resistance testing in children changing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor.
 PMID: 12005085       2002       The Pediatric infectious disease journal
Abstract: K20R/I) conferred by primary (active site) resistance mutations.


  Genetic variability of HIV-1 protease from Nigeria and correlation with protease inhibitors drug resistance.
 PMID: 11324755       2001       Virus genes
Abstract: The protease amino acid consensus sequence of the Nigerian subtype A are in complete agreement with the consensus A differing from the USA subtype B consensus in 10 positions (L10V, I13V, K14R, I15V, K20I, M36I, R41K, P63L, H69K and L89M).



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