Result: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) RAMs were found in 28% of patients (87/313; 74 and 13 patients), most commonly K103N/S (13%; 41/313; 33 and eight patients).
Transmitted Drug Resistance among People Living with HIV/Aids at Major Cities of Sao Paulo State, Brazil.
Abstract: Seventy-six percent of genomes (13/17) with TDR carried a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance mutation, mostly K103N/S (9/13, 69%), potentially compromising the preferential first-line therapy suggested by the Brazilian HIV Treatment Guideline that recommends efavirenz-based combinations.
Result: K103N/S (53%, 9/17) was the most frequent mutation observed.
Transmission patterns of HIV-subtypes A/AE versus B: inferring risk-behavior trends and treatment-efficacy limitations from viral genotypic data obtained prior to and during antiretroviral therapy.
Evaluation of WHO immunologic criteria for treatment failure: implications for detection of virologic failure, evolution of drug resistance and choice of second-line therapy in India.
PMID: 23735817
2013
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Method: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations that we assessed included K103N, Y181C, Y181I, G190A, G190S, V108I, Y188L, V106M, K103NS, K101E and G190E.
Trends in Genotypic HIV-1 Antiretroviral Resistance between 2006 and 2012 in South African Patients Receiving First- and Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens.
Method: Different RT mutations at the same residue were pooled, including the NRTI-resistance mutations D67NG, K70EGQ, L74VI, M184VI, T215YF, K219QE and the NNRTI-resistance mutations K101EH, K103NS, Y188LCH, and G190ASEQ.
Persistence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutations.
PMID: 23904291
2013
The Journal of infectious diseases
Table: K103S
Increased risk of Q151M and K65R mutations in patients failing stavudine-containing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Cambodia.