A post-partum single-dose TDF/FTC tail does not prevent the selection of NNRTI resistance in women receiving pre-partum ZDV and intrapartum single-dose nevirapine to prevent mother-to- child HIV-1 transmission.
Discussion: The WHO report (2012) indicates that the rate of NNRTI resistance in the African region has increased from 1% in 2003 to 6.4% in 2010 with K103N/S being the most commonly detected mutation [WHO, 2012].
Epidemiological Surveillance of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Spain in 2004-2012: Relevance of Transmission Clusters in the Propagation of Resistance Mutations.
Result: It is noteworthy that several major mutations associated to high level resistance to NRTIs (K65R, L74V, Y115F, M184V and T215Y), to NNRTIs (l100I, K101E, K103N/S, V106M, Y181C, Y188L and G190A) and to PIs (D30N, M46I/L, I54V/T, L76V, V82A, I84V, N88D
The use of dried blood spot specimens for HIV-1 drug resistance genotyping in young children initiating antiretroviral therapy.
PMID: 26192603
2015
Journal of virological methods
Abstract: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations were most commonly detected in both specimen types, particularly Y181C/I and K103N/S.
Introduction: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations were the most commonly detected in DBS and plasma, particularly Y181C/I (28% and 27%) and K103N/S (15% and 13%) respectively (Figure 1).
Assessing transmissibility of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations from treated and from drug-naive individuals.
Result: In treatment-failing patients, SDRMs with highest prevalence were L90 M (19.7%), M184I/V (44.0%) and K103N/S (32.3%).
Result: SDRMs with highest prevalence in drug-naive patients were L90 M (1.4%) for protease inhibitors, T215Y/F + Rev (Rev = C, D, E, I, S, V) (2.6%) for nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, (NRTIs) and K103N/S (2.3%) for nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, (NNRTIs).
HIV Drug Resistance Surveillance in Honduras after a Decade of Widespread Antiretroviral Therapy.
Result: The 22 cases experiencing virologic failure presented with the following DRMs: M46I, F53LY, I54LTV, G73ST, L76V, V82AT, I84V, I185V, N88D, and L90M for PIs; L100I, K103NS, V179F Y181C, G190AS, V106A, K103N, and P225H for NNRTIs; and
HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations: Potential Applications for Point-of-Care Genotypic Resistance Testing.
Result: K103S, V106M, Y188L and G190S/E accounted for most of the remaining transmitted major NNRTI DRMs in LMICs.
Figure: Major NNRTI-associated DRMs (HIVDB score >=60) included: L100I, K101P, K103N/S, V106A/M, Y181C/I/V, Y188L/H/C, G190A/S/E/Q, and M230L.
[Analysis of HIV-1 drug resistance among 1 922 individuals experiencing virological failure of first-line antiretroviral therapy in Henan province].
PMID: 26833003
2015
Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine]
Abstract: K103N/S was the most commonly emerged NNRTI resistance mutation (34.32% (659)).
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) cross-resistance: implications for preclinical evaluation of novel NNRTIs and clinical genotypic resistance testing.
PMID: 23934770
2014
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: RESULTS: Sixteen mutations at 10 positions were significantly associated with the greatest contribution to reduced phenotypic susceptibility (>=10-fold) to one or more NNRTIs, including: 14 mutations at six positions for nevirapine (K101P, K103N/S, V106A/M, Y181C/I/V, Y188C/L and G190A/E/Q/S); 10 mutations at six positions for efavirenz (L100I, K101P, K103N, V106M, Y188C/L and G190A/E/Q/S); 5 mutations at four positions for etravirine ( PMID: 24456757
2014
AIDS research and therapy
Abstract: The most prevalent ADR mutations were the M184V (n = 24), K103N/S (n = 14) and Y181C/Y/I/V (n = 8).
Result: The most prevalent variant were the M184V mutation (n = 24), the K103N/S mutation (n = 14) and the Y181C/Y/I/V mutation (n = 8) within the reverse transcriptase genome.
Table: K103S
Discussion: The most prevalent mutations observed confer high-level resistance to NRTIs (specifically lamivudine, in the case of the M184V mutation) and NNRTIs (specifically nevirapine and efavirenz, in the case of the