literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Treatment failure and drug resistance in HIV-positive patients on tenofovir-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in western Kenya.

PMID: 27231099 2016 Journal of the International AIDS Society

Result: Other common (>20%) RT mutations were NRTI-associated M184V/I (27/35, 77%) and NNRTI-associated Y181C/G/Y (22/35, 63%), G190A/S (13/35, 37%) and K103N/S (11/35, 31%).

Table: K103S

HIV-1 Drug Resistance by Ultra-Deep Sequencing Following Short Course Zidovudine, Single-Dose Nevirapine, and Single-Dose Tenofovir with Emtricitabine for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission.

PMID: 27327263 2016 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Discussion: The prevalence of transmitted NNRTI resistance in KwaZulu-Natal has increased from below 5% in 2007 to 5%-15% in 2010 with the most commonly detected mutation being the K103NS.

Discussion: Third, the number of patients with NNRTI mutations among those failing NNRTI-based ART is high in rural South Africa, ie, 82% in both adults and children, with K103NS again being the most commonly detected NNRTI mutation.

Genotypic HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Patients Failing Tenofovir-Based First-Line HAART in South India.

PMID: 27334566 2016 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Abstract: The predominant NRTI and NNRTI mutations observed were M184IV (59.9%), K65R (28.1%), and thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs, 29.3%) and K103NS (54.5%), V106AM (39.5%), and Y181CIV (19.8%), respectively.

Treatment Outcomes and Resistance Patterns of Children and Adolescents on Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Asia.

PMID: 27355415 2016 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Result: Of the 156 (56%) children who had available resistance testing at the time of first-line failure, mutations included M184V (82%), >=1 thymidine analog mutation (TAM; 64%), >=4 TAMs (18%), T215Y/F (43%), K65R (10%), >=1 NNRTI mutation (92%), Y181I/C (44%), G190A (33%), K103N/S (27%), and V108I (15%); 30 (19%) children had DUET weighted scores >=4 (Table 2).

Cross-sectional study of virological failure and multinucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance at 12 months of antiretroviral therapy in Western India.

PMID: 27631260 2016 Medicine

Discussion: The most common NRTI mutations reported were M184V and K65R whereas K103N/S and V106A/M were common NNRTI resistance mutations.

Archived HIV-1 DNA resistance mutations to rilpivirine and etravirine in successfully treated HIV-1-infected individuals pre-exposed to efavirenz or nevirapine.

PMID: 25344807 2015 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Abstract: Rilpivirine RAMs were detected in 41 (32%) individuals, with highest frequency for the mutations Y181C/I/V (18%), K101E/P (7%) and E138A/G/K/Q/R/S (6%) and the association L100I+K103N/S (5%).

Low rate of transmitted drug resistance may indicate low access to antiretroviral treatment in Maranhao State, northeast Brazil.

PMID: 25411830 2015 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Abstract: Only single class mutations to NRTI (M184V; T215S) or NNRTI (K103S/N) were detected.

HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance and genetic diversity among patients from Piaui State, Northeast Brazil.

PMID: 25649362 2015 Journal of medical virology

Abstract: Singleton mutations to protease-inhibitor/PI, nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitor/NRTI or non-nucleoside-reverse-transcriptase-inhibitor/NNRTI predominated (8/10): PI mutations (M46L, V82F, L90M); NRTI mutations (M41L, D67N) and NNRTI mutations (K103N/S).

Global HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial.

PMID: 25711326 2015 HIV medicine

Abstract: The most frequent TDR mutations observed were M41L, D67N/G/E, T215F/Y/I/S/C/D/E/V/N, 219Q/E/N/R, K103N/S, and G190A/S/E in reverse transcriptase, and M46I/L and L90M in protease.

Result: The most prevalent NNRTI mutation was K103NS, observed in 62% (53/85) of samples that harboured virus with resistance to this class.

Characterization of HIV drug resistance mutations among patients failing first-line antiretroviral therapy from a tertiary referral center in Lusaka, Zambia.

PMID: 25754408 2015 Journal of medical virology

Abstract: Analysis of reverse transcriptase revealed M184V

Result: The most prevalent NNRTI mutations were Y181C/I/V (n = 24, 35%), (n = 3, 4%), and (n = 1 (1%), respectively, K103N/S (n = 21 (32%) and n = 1 [1%]), G190A/S/E (n = 20 (29%), n = 1 (1%), and (n = 2, 3%), respectively, V108I (n = 13, 19%), and V106A/M (n = 2, 3%) and (n = 10, 15%).

Discussion: The most prevalent NNRTI mutations were Y181C/I/V (41%), G190A/S/E (34%), K103N/S (32%), and Y188L (7%).

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