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 HIV mutation literature information.


  HIV drug resistance pattern among HAART-exposed patients with suboptimal virological response in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
 PMID: 18667925       2008       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: Dominant mutations included M46I (37%), 154V (26%), V82A/T/F (30%) in PR; K103N (44%), G190A/S (16%) and T215F/Y (48%) (NRTIs) in RT.


  Phylogenetic investigation of transmission pathways of drug-resistant HIV-1 utilizing pol sequences derived from resistance genotyping.
 PMID: 18667928       2008       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: Several discrete clusters involving transmission of K103N- and/or M41L-resistant virus to multiple recipients were detected, suggesting that multiple transmission pathways can exist for viruses with the same resistance mutations.


  Analysis of nevirapine (NVP) resistance in Ugandan infants who were HIV infected despite receiving single-Dose (SD) NVP versus SD NVP plus daily NVP up to 6 weeks of age to prevent HIV vertical transmission.
 PMID: 18684096       2008       The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: METHODS: We tested plasma HIV by using a genotyping assay (ViroSeq; Celera Diagnostics), a phenotypic resistance assay (PhenoSense; Monogram Biosciences), and sensitive point mutation assay (LigAmp, for K103N, Y181C, and G190A).
Method: PCR products generated in the ViroSeq system were also analyzed using the LigAmp assay to detect and quantify HIV variants with NVP resistance mutations (K103N=AAC, 0.5% assay cutoff; Y181C=TGT, 1% assay cutoff; G190A=GCA, 0.5% assay cutoff).
Table: K103N


  Development of Novel Dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidine Derivatives as HIV-1 NNRTIs to Overcome the Highly Resistant Mutant Strains F227L/V106A and K103N/Y181C.
 PMID: 18786939       2008       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Population sequencing showed wild-type subtype D virus, whereas clonal sequencing detected low-frequency (2%) K103N.


  The impacts of current antiretroviral therapy regimens on Chinese AIDS patients and their implications for HIV-1 drug resistance mutation.
 PMID: 18806342       2008       Japanese journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: The most common mutations conferring resistance to NNRTIs were K103N, Y181C and G190A, representing 56.5, 30.4 and 14.5%, respectively.


  Impact of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug resistance mutation interactions on phenotypic susceptibility.
 PMID: 18844463       2008       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: K101E and G190S together tend to decrease susceptibility to all nucleoside RT inhibitors, but the K103N mutation had little effect on nucleoside RT inhibitor susceptibility.


  Optimization of 5-aryloxyimidazole non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
 PMID: 18855969       2008       ChemMedChem
Abstract: Herein we present the optimization of a series of 5-aryloxy imidazoles, which possess a balanced pharmacological profile against both wild-type enzyme and the clinically relevant mutations K103N and Y181C.


  HIV drug resistance tendencies in Latvia.
 PMID: 18935781       2008       Central European journal of public health
Abstract: In the group of NRTI mutations M184V (26/75; 34.6%), A62V (12/75; 16.0%) and T215Y (8/75; 10.6%), in NNRTI mutations K103N (10/75; 13.3%), G190S (6/75; 8.0%), in PI group mutations L90M (6/75; 8.0%) and M461/L (6/75; 8.0%) occurred most frequently.


  Development of Novel Dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidine Derivatives as HIV-1 NNRTIs to Overcome the Highly Resistant Mutant Strains F227L/V106A and K103N/Y181C.
 PMID: 18974494       2008       Indian journal of medical microbiology
Abstract: Mutation K103N was observed in 56% (14/25) of the children while mutation T215Y was found in none.
Abstract: Mutations T215Y and K103N were detected by a nested cum amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS PCR) and the results were confirmed by direct sequencing in five randomly selected cases.
Abstract: Two of the six drug naive children also showed K103N mutation.


  HIV type 1 subtype C drug resistance among pediatric and adult South African patients failing antiretroviral therapy.
 PMID: 19000027       2008       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: K103N (25%), V106M (20%), and G190A (17%) were found among patients failing nevirapine- or efavirenz-containing regimens.



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