Abstract: After 4 years of ARV use in Mali, two previously untreated individuals (2%; 95% CI: 0.00-4.77%) were found to have resistant viruses, one with a single nucleoside mutation and one with K103N non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutation.
Anti-retroviral drug resistance-associated mutations among non-subtype B HIV-1-infected Kenyan children with treatment failure.
1Abstract: These results suggest that ""vertically transmitted"" primary RTI-resistance mutations, K103N and Y181C, can persist over the years even in the absence of drug pressure and impact RTI treatment negatively, and that appearing patterns of RTI-resistance mutations among non-subtype B HIV
Abstract: Before treatment, 4 of 12 (33.3%) children had primary RTI-resistance mutations, K103N (n = 3, ages 5-7 years) and Y181C (n = 1, age 1 year).
Abstract: In one child, K103N was found as a minor population (1/5 clones) before treatment and became major (7/7 clones) 8 months after RTI treatment.
Efavirenz.
PMID: 17516877
2007
Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy
Abstract: In the case of viral rebound, K103N is the most commonly efavirenz-selected viral mutation.
Emergence of NNRTI drug resistance mutations after single-dose nevirapine exposure in HIV type 1 subtype C-infected infants in India.
PMID: 17530993
2007
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: K103N, one of the most common mutations, was not observed in any of the samples.
Mechanism of action of (-)-(2R,4R)-1-(2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) thymine as an anti-HIV agent.
Abstract: Little or no resistance was observed with the enzymes harbouring mutations resistant to lamivudine (M184V) and non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (K103N).
Kinetics of inhibition of HIV type 1 reverse transcriptase-bearing NRTI-associated mutations by apricitabine triphosphate.
Abstract: Phylogenetic analysis revealed evidence for the transmission of the K103N mutation among the drug-naive population.
Abstract: RESULTS: We found that 12 (4.2%) of the 284 samples sequenced harbored primary resistance mutations, of which K103N, M41L and V108I were most prevalent.
Mutations at 65 and 70 within the context of a Q151M cluster in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase impact the susceptibility to the different nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in distinct ways.
PMID: 17567542
2007
Infection, genetics and evolution
Abstract: The original isolate carried the MNR mutations S68G, V75I, F77L, F116Y and Q151M, the lamivudine mutation M184V, the NNRTI mutation K103N and the yet unreported K70S.
Sensitive oligonucleotide ligation assay for low-level detection of nevirapine resistance mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 quasispecies.
PMID: 17567789
2007
Journal of clinical microbiology
Abstract: Ten of 19 HIV-1 DNA samples extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells had a detectable K103N (0.5 to 44%) or Y181C (0.8 to 92.5%) mutation, but only one plasma HIV-1 RNA sample had a viral population with the Y181C mutation.
Abstract: This modified OLA is now capable of detecting mutants with the K103N or the Y181C mutation present in an HIV-1 population at a frequency of approximately 0.4% and is at least 10- to 30-fold more sensitive than the original protocol.
Abstract: This study has adapted the oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) to probe for low-level nevirapine (NVP) resistance mutations K103N and Y181C in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) population of infected mother-infant pairs from Uganda.
Development of Novel Dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidine Derivatives as HIV-1 NNRTIs to Overcome the Highly Resistant Mutant Strains F227L/V106A and K103N/Y181C.
Abstract: A series of aryl thiotetrazolylacetanilides were synthesized and found to be potent inhibitors of the HIV-1 wild type and K103N/Y181C double mutant reverse transcriptases.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2007
Antiviral therapy
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