HIV Drug Resistance Mutations in Non-B Subtypes After Prolonged Virological Failure on NNRTI-Based First-Line Regimens in Sub-Saharan Africa.
PMID: 28129253
2017
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: After adjustment, participants on zidovudine at failure were more likely to have T215F, T215Y, M41L, K70R, D67N, L210W, type-1 thymidine analog, type-2 thymidine analog, and any thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs); those on tenofovir to have K65R, K70E, Y115F, and M184I; those on efavirenz to have K103N, P225H, Y188L, and L100I; and those on nevirapine to have Y181C and G190A.
Surveillance of HIV-1 pol transmitted drug resistance in acutely and recently infected antiretroviral drug-naive persons in rural western Kenya.
Abstract: Predominant TDR mutations in the reverse transcriptase included K103N/S (4.6%) and M184V (2.3%); only M46I/L (1.1%) occurred in the protease.
Result: The dominant TDRMs in the RT gene were K103N/S (n = 4, 4.6%) and M184V (n = 2, 2.3%), while in the PR gene only M46I/L (n = 1, 1.1%) occurred.
Table: K103N
Discussion: As reported from other studies, NNRTI mutations comprised a majority of the detected TDRMs, with K103N/S predominating.
HIV-1 genetic diversity and transmitted drug resistance frequency among Iranian treatment-naive, sexually infected individuals.
Abstract: All of the identified SDRMs belonged to the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) class, including K103 N and V106A, which were found in three patients.
High Rates of Transmission of Drug-resistant HIV in Aruba Resulting in Reduced Susceptibility to the WHO Recommended First-line Regimen in Nearly Half of Newly Diagnosed HIV-infected Patients.
Abstract: K103N-harboring strains were introduced into the therapy-unexposed population via at least 6 independent transmissions epidemiologically linked to the surrounding countries.
Abstract: NGS did not demonstrate additional minority K103N-variants compared to routine resistance testing.
Abstract: The prevalence of resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) reached 45% (95% CI: 27-64%) in 2015, all based on the prevalence of mutation K103N.
Abstract: Virological failure of the WHO-recommended first-line NNRTI-based regimen was higher in the presence of K103N.
Method: To determine the background sequencing error rate, DNA plasmids of HXB2 and HXB2 with site-directed mutant
Comparative effectiveness of single versus multiple tablet antiretroviral therapy regimens in clinical HIV practice.
Method: Among VF patients we examined the frequency of common resistance mutations: K103N, M184 V/I, K65R, and thymidine analog mutations.
Result: Of these, 25 (69%) had a K103N, 4 (11%) a K65R, 14 (39%) an M184 V/I, and 7 (19%) had a thymidine analog mutation.
Commonly Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Reverse-Transcriptase and Protease in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naive Patients and Response to Regimens Containing Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate or Tenofovir Alafenamide.
PMID: 28453836
2017
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: Results: The presence of TDRMs increased during this period (from 5.2% to 11.4%), primarily driven by an increase in nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase (RT) inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance mutations (from 0.3% to 7.1%), particularly K103N/S (increase from 0.3% to 5.3%).
Transmission fitness of drug-resistant HIV revealed in a surveillance system transmission network.
Abstract: K103N, Y181C, and L90M) had transmission fitness that was indistinguishable from or exceeded wild-type fitness, permitting the establishment of large, self-sustaining drug resistance reservoirs.
HIV-1 strains belonging to large phylogenetic clusters show accelerated escape from integrase inhibitors in cell culture compared with viral isolates from singleton/small clusters.
PMID: 28472323
2017
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Structure-Based Optimization of Thiophene[3,2-d]pyrimidine Derivatives as Potent HIV-1 Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors with Improved Potency against Resistance-Associated Variants.
PMID: 28481112
2017
Journal of medicinal chemistry
Abstract: Compound 25a was exceptionally potent against the whole viral panel, affording 3-4-fold enhancement of in vitro antiviral potency against WT, L100I, K103N, Y181C, Y188L, E138K, and K103N+Y181C and 10-fold enhancement against F227L+V106A relative to the reference drug etravirine (ETV) in the same cellular assay.
A decade of viral mutations and associated drug resistance in a population of HIV-1+ Puerto Ricans: 2002-2011.
Result: The RT mutations with the highest average frequencies were M184V (47.9%), K103N (42.6%) and M41L (34.2%) (Figs 2 and 5); the three least common RT mutations over the 10-year period were K103T, Y188C and P236L (S1 Table).
Discussion: The presence of K103N, the second most common RT mutation that we observed, diminishes the efficacy of non-nucleoside analog RT inhibitors (NNRTIs) and, unlike other NNRTI-resistance mutations, persists for a prolonged period of time after the initial viral infection.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2017
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
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