Discussion: Conversely, G190S development in A6 isolates is significantly higher (up to 30% to 60%) after EFV and/or nevirapine (NVP)-exposure and is favoured over the K103N and Y181C resistance pathways.
Discussion: In non-A6 isolates, K103NRT or Y181CRT are preferentially detected after efavirenz exposure while G190SRT is rarely observed, probably due to high costs in replication capacity (in the subtype B context, 20% compared to the wt).
Natural presence of the V179D and K103R/V179D mutations associated with resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in HIV-1 CRF65_cpx strains.
Introduction: Selective acquisition of G190S, which causes higher levels of EFV and NVP resistance than K103N, in HIV-1 subtype A from Russia is another example of a distinct genetic barrier to resistance among different subtypes.
HIV-1 drug resistance mutations detection and HIV-1 subtype G report by using next-generation sequencing platform.
Discussion: Another survey focusing on Burmese individuals staying in Dehong reported that M184V, K103N/KN, and T74S/ST were the major SDRMs associated with VF.
Discussion: Furthermore, we found that the major NNRTI-related SDRMs were K101P, K103N, V106A, E138A, Y181C, and Y188H, and the major NRTI-related SDRMs were L74V/I and M184V.
Discussion: Some SDRMs, including NRTI-related mutations (M41L, D6
HIV-1 molecular epidemiology and drug resistance-associated mutations among treatment-naive blood donors in China.
Abstract: DRMs were common, with 28 of 179 (15.6%) specimens carrying DRMs, including the
Table: K103N
Discussion: Drug resistance analysis demonstrated that 2.4% of HIV-1 isolates contained at least one NNRTI (K101E, K103N) or PI (M46I) SDRMs, the overall prevalence of TDR was lower than previous reports in Zhejiang (11.1%) and Shijiazhuang (6.1%) among treatment-naive HIV-infected individuals, but similar to a nationwide cross-sectional survey about prevalence of TDR (3.6%) in 2015 in China.
Discussion: The RT K103N mutation found in two strains can reduce EFV and NVP susceptibility by about 20- and 50-fold, respectively.
The characteristics of pretreatment HIV-1 drug resistance in western Yunnan, China.
Result: Among the key DRMs for NNRTIs, Y188C/F/L (0.9%, 3/322), K103N (0.6%, 2/322) and G190A (0.3%, 1/322) conferred high-level resistance, K101E (0.9%, 3/322) and P225H (0.9%, 3/322) conferred intermediate resistance and H221Y (0.9%, 3/322) conferred low-level resistance.
Table: K103N
Discussion: Among the NNRTI resistance mutations in this study, the key mutations were K103N, Y188L and G190A, which usually cause high-level resistance to NNRTIs but whose frequencies were low among the participants.
Pretreatment resistance mutations and treatment outcomes in adults living with HIV-1: a cohort study in urban Malawi.
Abstract: The most common mutation was K103N (5.6%, 11/197), followed by Y181C (3.6%, 7/197).
Result: The most common PDR was K103N (5.6%, 11/197), followed by Y181C (3.6%, 7/197).
Table: K103N
Discussion: Among the 12 patients with K103N and/or V106M mutations (leading to a functional dual NRTI-therapy), only four were alive and on ART at the end of follow-up.
High Levels of Acquired HIV Drug Resistance Following Virological Nonsuppression in HIV-Infected Women from a High-Risk Cohort in Uganda.
PMID: 32475121
2020
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The mutation K103N was detected in 62.5% (30/48) of participants, 41.7% (20/48) had M184V/I, 14.6% had K65R, and 12.5% (6/48) had thymidine analog mutations (TAMs).
Diagnostic Accuracy of Pan-Degenerate Amplification and Adaptation Assay for HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutation Analysis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
PMID: 32522826
2020
Journal of clinical microbiology
Abstract: In a cross-sectional study (June 2018 to September 2019), we evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of a simple and rapid HIVDR assay (the pan-degenerate amplification and adaptation [PANDAA] assay targeting the mutations K65R, K103NS, M184VI, Y181C, and G190A) compared to Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS).
Abstract: PANDAA showed strong agreement with Sanger sequencing for K65R, K103NS, M184VI, and G190A (kappa > 0.85) and substantial agreement for Y181C (kappa = 0.720).
Exploring the hydrophobic channel of NNIBP leads to the discovery of novel piperidine-substituted thiophene[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives as potent HIV-1 NNRTIs.
Abstract: Especially, compound 26 exhibited the most potent activity against wild-type and a panel of single mutations (L100I, K103N, Y181C, Y188L and E138K) with an EC50 ranging from 6.02 to 23.9 nmol/L, which were comparable to those of etravirine (ETR).
Introduction: A
Method: The X-ray crystal structure of HIV-1 WT RT (PDB code: 6c0n), HIV-1 K103N RT (PDB code: 6c0o) and HIV-1 RES056 RT (PDB code: 6c0r), respectively corresponding to the X-ray crystallographic structure of the WT, K103N and RES056 RT in complex with the NNRTIs K-5a2 were chosen to build up the initial models for compound 26.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2020
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