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 HIV mutation literature information.


  Management of a human immunodeficiency virus case with discordant antiviral drug resistance profiles in cerebrospinal fluid compared with plasma: a case report.
 PMID: 35164871       2022       Journal of medical case reports
Conclusion: The HIV-1 pol gene genotypic resistance analysis showed development of the NRTI M184V mutation, and NNRTI K103N and E138EK mutations in plasma, respectively.
Conclusion: The nonpolymorphic NNRTI K103N mutation causes high-level resistance to efavirenz (EFV), and E138K mutation causes potential low-level cross-resistance to EFV, which was discontinued together with 3TC.


  Development of Novel Dihydrofuro[3,4-d]pyrimidine Derivatives as HIV-1 NNRTIs to Overcome the Highly Resistant Mutant Strains F227L/V106A and K103N/Y181C.
 PMID: 35061384       2022       Journal of medicinal chemistry
Abstract: Especially, for the changeling mutations F227L/V106A and K103N/Y181C, both compounds exhibited remarkably improved activity compared to those of etravirine and rilpivirine.


  Prevalence and patterns of HIV drug resistance in patients with suspected virological failure in North-Western Tanzania.
 PMID: 35107140       2022       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Common mutations in RT were M184V (75%), T215Y (41.1%), K103N (39.3%), M41L (32.1%), D67DN (30.3%), G190A (28.6%) and A98G (26.8%).
Table: K103N
Discussion: Some of the most common mutations in this study were M184V, K103N, Y181C and G190A, which occurred at similar frequencies to those reported in studies from other SSA and Tanzanian settings.


  Magnetic Bead Processing Enables Sensitive Ligation-Based Detection of HIV Drug Resistance Mutations.
 PMID: 35077642       2022       Analytical chemistry
Abstract: In studies with synthesized nucleic acids based on the well-studied HIV mutation, K103N, the assay successfully differentiated between wild-type and mutant for RNA targets with high specificity.


  Prevalence of transmitted drug resistance among ART-naive HIV-infected individuals, Beijing, 2015-2018.
 PMID: 35092830       2022       Journal of global antimicrobial resistance
Abstract: K103N/KN (NNRTI associated) and M46L/I/IMV/IM/ML (protease inhibitor associated) were the other major resistance mutations.


  Prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in Eastern European and Central Asian countries.
 PMID: 35061671       2022       PloS one
Abstract: Additionally, the K103N/S mutation was mainly observed in clustered sequences (6.2% vs 2.8%).
Discussion: Notably, K103N/S, which was previously described as DRM with transmission fitness similar to wild-type virus with the ability to persist for years in the infected host, was found mainly in clustered sequences (6.2%) then outside clusters (2.8%).
Discussion: The predominant NNRTI DRMs included E138A/G, which is the natural polymorphic mutation for sub-subtype A6, was previously shown to have a prevalence of 7% frequency in Russian HIV-infected patients, and is associated with low-level DR to rilpivirine, which is not taken into account in the assessment of PDR; V106I, which alone causes a minimal reduction in


  First Assessment of Acquired HIV-1 Drug Resistance and Mutation Patterns in Suriname.
 PMID: 33287618       2021       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The most common DRMs were M184V (23.6%) and K103N (18.8%).


  Temporal Trends in HIV-1 Mutations Used for the Surveillance of Transmitted Drug Resistance.
 PMID: 34064774       2021       Viruses
Result: Four SDRMs increased in prevalence in RTI-naive persons including K103N, V106M, and G190A/E while L100I decreased in prevalence among RTI-naive persons.
Result: The SDRMs with the lowest treated/naive prevalence ratios were G190E (11-fold) and K103N (22-fold).


  Near Full-Length Genomic Characterization of a Novel HIV-1 B/C Recombinant Form Identified in Guangdong Province, China.
 PMID: 33287631       2021       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: In addition, this B/C recombinant strain contained the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutation K103N and the integrase strand transfer inhibitor other resistance mutation L74I according to the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database program.


  "Detection of Drug Resistance Mutations in the Reverse Transcriptase Gene of HIV-1-Infected North Indian Population Failing First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy ""A Follow-Up Cohort Study""."
 PMID: 33390085       2021       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Drug resistance mutation M184V (ATG to GTA) (63.15%) associated with lamivudine and abacavir and K103N (AAG or AAA to AAU) (36.84%) associated with efavirenz and nevirapine were predominantly identified in first-line ART failure patients.



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