Abstract: the protease inhibitor mutations I93L and M89I/V.
Study of drug resistance among 78 antiretroviral treatment-naive patients with HIV-1 subtype B infection in central China.
PMID: 22504392
2007
Drug discoveries & therapeutics
Abstract: The most common mutations were L63P, V77I and I93L, which belong to minor mutations of the proteinase gene, and none of which had any relation to viral loads.
Abstract: There was a certain correlation between viral loads and I93IL according to stepwise regression analysis.
Genotypic resistance mutations to antiretroviral drugs in treatment-naive HIV/AIDS patients living in Liaoning Province, China: baseline prevalence and subtype-specific difference.
PMID: 17411368
2007
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: The frequencies of minor mutations to protease inhibitors (PI) were I93L (71.4%), L63P (62.6%), V77I (62.6%), M36I/V (33.0%), A71T/V (22.0%), K20R (6.6%), G16E (6.6%), and L10I (5.5%).
HIV-1 subtype B protease and reverse transcriptase amino acid covariation.
Abstract: The proportion of substitutions L63P, A71T/V, V77I and I93L in subtype B' sequences was considerably higher than in CRF01_AE viruses, while the proportion of L10I, M36I and K20R/I substitutions in subtype B' sequences was relatively lower than in CRF01_AE strains.
Genotypic analysis of the protease and reverse transcriptase of HIV type 1 isolates from recently infected injecting drug users in western China.
PMID: 17725425
2007
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: It is notable that D60E, L63P and I93L substitutions, which were more common in HIV-1 isolates from PI-treated than untreated patients, were present in most of the isolates.
Functional correlation between a novel amino acid insertion at codon 19 in the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and polymorphism in the p1/p6 Gag cleavage site in drug resistance and replication fitness.
Abstract: Longitudinal analysis revealed that the P63L/A71V/I93L changes were present prior to PI therapy.
Abstract: Population-based sequence analysis revealed the presence of a variant of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) containing an insertion of amino acid Ile in the protease gene at codon 19 (19I) and amino acid substitutions in the protease at codons 21 (E21D) and 22 (A22V) along with multiple mutations associated with drug resistance, M46I/P63L/A71V/I84V/I93L, in a patient who had failed protease
Short communication: low prevalence of genotypic drug resistance mutations among antiretroviral-naive HIV type 1 patients in Malaysia.
PMID: 16478392
2006
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Amino acid substitutions I13V, E35D, and M36I were associated with CRF01_AE while L63P, V77I, and I93L were associated with subtype B.
[Genotypic antiretroviral resistance testing and phylogenetic analysis of protease and reverse transcriptase in antiretroviral drug-naive AIDS patients in Henan province].
PMID: 16053762
2005
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi
Abstract: Minor mutation rate of resistance was 100%, including types of L63PS (36/36), I93L (35/36), V77IL (34/36), A71IVT (10/36) and D60E (2/36).
Novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease mutations potentially involved in resistance to protease inhibitors.
PMID: 15855527
2005
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: On the other hand, C95F, which was associated with treatment with saquinavir and indinavir, was highly expressed in clusters with either L90M and I93L or V82A and G48V.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2008
AIDS reviews
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