HIV mutation literature information.


  Cobicistat-boosted darunavir in HIV-1-infected adults: week 48 results of a Phase IIIb, open-label single-arm trial.
 PMID: 25926858       2014       AIDS research and therapy
Table: I93I/L


  Highly-sensitive allele-specific PCR testing identifies a greater prevalence of transmitted HIV drug resistance in Japan.
 PMID: 24358257       2013       PloS one
Table: I93L


  Potential elucidation of a novel CTL epitope in HIV-1 protease by the protease inhibitor resistance mutation L90M.
 PMID: 24015196       2013       PloS one
Result: However, as shown in Table 6, I93L has a significant impact on proteasomal cleavage prediction score for position 93 in PR.
Result: However, the co-occurrence of Q92K and I93L is severely diminished in HIV PR sequences .
Result: In conjunction with I93L, the proteasomal score was further increased to 0.735.


  Emergence of drug resistance-associated mutations in HIV-1 subtype C protease gene in north India.
 PMID: 23888308       2013       Virus genes
Abstract: Approximately 70% polymorphisms as minor mutations were observed in protease gene, of which 14 distinct amino acids changes were linked to partial DR such as G16E, K20R, M36I, D60E, I62V, L63P, I64M, H69K, T74A/S, V77I, V82I, I85V, L89M, and I93L.


  Low frequency of genotypic resistance in HIV-1-infected patients failing an atazanavir-containing regimen: a clinical cohort study.
 PMID: 23711895       2013       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Result: The remaining 43 minor atazanavir mutations were either not detected in this dataset (L10C, K20V, E34Q, F53Y, I54L/M/T/A, A71L, G73C/T, V82F and I93M) or were not significantly associated with atazanavir exposure (L10I/F/V, G16E, K20R/M/I/T, L24I, V32I, L33I/F/V, M36L/V, M46L, G48V, I54V


  Structural modifications induced by specific HIV-1 protease-compensatory mutations have an impact on the virological response to a first-line lopinavir/ritonavir-containing regimen.
 PMID: 23687186       2013       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Specifically, the L10V + I13V + L63P + I93L cluster, related to fast virological failure, correlated with a decreased drug affinity for the enzyme in comparison with wild-type (DeltaGmut = -30.0 kcal/mol versus DeltaGwt = -42.3 kcal/mol).


  Transmission patterns of HIV-subtypes A/AE versus B: inferring risk-behavior trends and treatment-efficacy limitations from viral genotypic data obtained prior to and during antiretroviral therapy.
 PMID: 23469241       2013       PloS one
Result: The latter differed significantly in the frequencies of the major resistance RT mutations T215FY and K219QE (NRTI) and of several secondary/accessory mutations, including: the protease mutations I13V, M36I, I62V, L63P, A71V, V77I, L89M and I93L (Table 6) and the RT mutations A98S, K101N, K103R and V179I (Table 5).
Table:  PMID: 22260721       2012       AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Minor mutations were found in the protease gene, including L10I, I13V, G16E, M36I, D60E, I62V, I64V, L63P, H69K, V82I, and I93L.


  Monitoring HIV viral load in resource limited settings: still a matter of debate?
 PMID: 23236346       2012       PloS one
Table: I93L


  Molecular epidemiology of HIV in two highly endemic areas of northeastern South Africa.
 PMID: 22189822       2012       Archives of virology
Discussion: M36I occurred in 28 viruses (98%), T74S occurred in two viruses (7%), I93L occurred in 27 isolates with a prevalence of 93%, and V82I occurred in one virus (3.4%).
Discussion: These observations are similar to those of a previous report, with 93% prevalence for both M36I and I93L.



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