HIV mutation literature information.


  Resistance profiles observed in virological failures after 24 weeks of amprenavir/ritonavir containing regimen in protease inhibitor experienced patients.
 PMID: 15258963       2004       Journal of medical virology
Abstract: Among these patients, the selection of mutations previously described with the use of APV as first PI (V32I, L33F, M46I/L, I50V, 54M/L, and I84V) was observed.
Abstract: Several genotypic resistance pathways in protease gene have been described to be associated to unboosted APV failure (I50V, V32I + I47V, I54L/M, or less commonly I84V, which may be accompanied by one ore more accessory mutations such as L10F, L33F, M46I/L).


  The influence of protease inhibitor resistance profiles on selection of HIV therapy in treatment-naive patients.
 PMID: 15259893       2004       Antiviral therapy
Abstract: Other mutations (D30N, G48V, I50V or I50L) are relatively specific for particular PIs and are less likely to produce cross resistance.
Abstract: Resistance during exposure to amprenavir can follow development of I50V, which also may confer resistance to lopinavir.


  Resistance to HIV protease inhibitors: mechanisms and clinical consequences.
 PMID: 15320704       2004       Current drug metabolism
Abstract: Specific changes are characteristically linked to resistance to each of these compounds (i.e., D30N for nelfinavir, I50L for atazanavir or I50V for amprenavir).


  Antiretroviral resistance and genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates from the Federal District, Central Brazil.
 PMID: 15761606       2004       Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Abstract: One major protease inhibitor resistance-associated mutation, I50V, was detected in 38% of the samples.


  HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease resistance mutations selected during 16-72 weeks of therapy in isolates from antiretroviral therapy-experienced patients receiving abacavir/efavirenz/amprenavir in the CNA2007 study.
 PMID: 12741623       2003       Antiviral therapy
Abstract: Mutations D30N, G48V, N88D/S, L90M and 154V were de-selected, and mutations I50V, I or V to 54M/L, I84V, M46I/L, L33F, I47V as well mutations at position 10 were observed in 20/49 (41%) isolates.


  Characterization of resistant HIV variants generated by in vitro passage with lopinavir/ritonavir.
 PMID: 12927307       2003       Antiviral research
Abstract: Passages with fixed 5/1 and 15/1 concentration ratios of LPV/r initially selected I84V and I50V/M46I mutants, respectively.
Abstract: Selection with LPV alone also generated the same initial mutants (I50V/M46I) as the 15/1 LPV/r passage.


  A potent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease inhibitor, UIC-94003 (TMC-126), and selection of a novel (A28S) mutation in the protease active site.
 PMID: 11773409       2002       Journal of virology
Abstract: Upon selection of HIV-1 in the presence of UIC-94003, mutants carrying a novel active-site mutation, A28S, in the presence of L10F, M46I, I50V, A71V, and N88D appeared.


  Emergence of resistance to protease inhibitor amprenavir in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients: selection of four alternative viral protease genotypes and influence of viral susceptibility to coadministered reverse transcriptase nucleoside inhibitors.
 PMID: 11850255       2002       Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: Previous data have indicated that the development of resistance to amprenavir, an inhibitor of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease, is associated with the substitution of valine for isoleucine at residue 50 (I50V) in the viral protease.
Abstract: The I50V and I84V genotypes displayed the greatest reductions in susceptibility to amprenavir, although each of the amprenavir-selected genotypes conferred little or no cross-resistance to other protease inhibitors.
Abstract: These mutations fell into four distinct categories, characterized by the presence of either I50V, I54L/I54M, I84V, or V


  Rapid and sensitive oligonucleotide ligation assay for detection of mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 associated with high-level resistance to protease inhibitors.
 PMID: 11923366       2002       Journal of clinical microbiology
Abstract: Oligonucleotides were designed to detect primary mutations associated with high-level resistance to amprenavir, nelfinavir, indinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, and lopinavir, including amino acid substitutions D30N, I50V, V82A/S/T, I84V, N88D, and L90M.


  Amprenavir-resistant HIV-1 exhibits lopinavir cross-resistance and reduced replication capacity.
 PMID: 11953467       2002       AIDS (London, England)
Abstract: Certain amprenavir-selected mutants conferred greater than 10-fold cross-resistance to lopinavir, including PrL10F/M46I/I50V-GagL449F (19-fold) and PrL10F/M46I/I47V/I50V-GagL449F (31-fold).
Abstract: The order of relative replication capacity was wild-type > L10F > L10F/I84V > L10F/M46I/I50V > L10F/M46I/



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