Abstract: RESULTS: FPV-associated resistance mutations were detected in 5/74 patients with VF, with 4/5 receiving unboosted FPV; in four patients viruses developed I54L or M and one developed the V32I+I47V combination.
Selection of resistance in protease inhibitor-experienced, human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected subjects failing lopinavir- and ritonavir-based therapy: mutation patterns and baseline correlates.
Abstract: Less common mutations, such as L33F, I50V, and V32I together with I47V/A, were also selected; however, new mutations at positions 84, 90, and 71 were not observed.
Novel human immunodeficiency virus type 1 protease mutations potentially involved in resistance to protease inhibitors.
PMID: 15855527
2005
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: In particular, E34Q, K43T, and K55R, which were associated with lopinavir treatment, correlated with mutations associated with lopinavir resistance (E34Q with either L33F or F53L, or K43T with I54A) or clustered with multi-PI resistance mutations (K43T with V82A and I54V or V82A, V32I, and I47V, or K55R with V82A, I54V, and M46I).
Tipranavir: a ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor.
Abstract: Analysis of clinical isolates from treatment-experienced patients identified the following tipranavir resistance-associated HIV protease mutations: L10V, I13V, K20M/R/V, L33F, E35G, M36I, K43T, M46L, I47V, I54A/M/V, Q58E, H69K, T74P, V82L/T, N83D, I84V.
Substitutions in the Reverse Transcriptase and Protease Genes of HIV-1 Subtype B in Untreated Individuals and Patients Treated With Antiretroviral Drugs.
PMID: 19825125
2005
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Table: I47V
HIV protease mutations associated with amprenavir resistance during salvage therapy: importance of I54M.
Abstract: Among mutations newly detected after amprenavir treatment, I54M occurred in six cases, I54L in two cases, M46I in two cases, I47V in one case and I50V in one case.
Abstract: HIV protease mutations associated with amprenavir resistance included I84V, I50V, I47V, V32I, and I54M.
Resistance profiles observed in virological failures after 24 weeks of amprenavir/ritonavir containing regimen in protease inhibitor experienced patients.
Abstract: Several genotypic resistance pathways in protease gene have been described to be associated to unboosted APV failure (I50V, V32I + I47V, I54L/M, or less commonly I84V, which may be accompanied by one ore more accessory mutations such as L10F, L33F, M46I/L).
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease resistance mutations selected during 16-72 weeks of therapy in isolates from antiretroviral therapy-experienced patients receiving abacavir/efavirenz/amprenavir in the CNA2007 study.
Abstract: Mutations D30N, G48V, N88D/S, L90M and 154V were de-selected, and mutations I50V, I or V to 54M/L, I84V, M46I/L, L33F, I47V as well mutations at position 10 were observed in 20/49 (41%) isolates.
Emergence of resistance to protease inhibitor amprenavir in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients: selection of four alternative viral protease genotypes and influence of viral susceptibility to coadministered reverse transcriptase nucleoside inhibitors.
PMID: 11850255
2002
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: These mutations fell into four distinct categories, characterized by the presence of either I50V, I54L/I54M, I84V, or V32I+I47V and often included accessory mutations, commonly M46I/L.
Amprenavir-resistant HIV-1 exhibits lopinavir cross-resistance and reduced replication capacity.
Abstract: Certain amprenavir-selected mutants conferred greater than 10-fold cross-resistance to lopinavir, including PrL10F/M46I/I50V-GagL449F (19-fold) and PrL10F/M46I/I47V/I50V-GagL449F (31-fold).
Abstract: The order of relative replication capacity was wild-type > L10F > L10F/I84V > L10F/M46I/I50V > L10F/M46I/
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2006
HIV clinical trials
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