literature

Detection of Gag C-terminal mutations among HIV-1 non-B subtypes in a subset of Cameroonian patients.

PMID: 35082353 2022 Scientific reports

Introduction: Following the Stanford algorithm (mutation list), minor resistance mutations (L10F, V11I, K20TV, L23I, L33F, K43T, F53L, Q58E, A71IL, G73STCA, T74P, N83D, and L89V) are assumed to have ancillary roles such as compensation for lower efficiency of proteolysis caused by major mutations; major resistance mutations (V32I, M46IL, I47VA, G48VM,

PMID: 34897227 2022 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Table: I47A/V

Prevalence and factors associated with HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in treatment-experienced patients in Nairobi, Kenya: A cross-sectional study.

PMID: 34622871 2021 Medicine

Result: Lopinavir was the only PI class that demonstrated significant HIVDRM with mutations at V32I (2 patients), I47 V/A (2 patients), and V82A/F/T/S (3 patients).

Result: There were no other mutations at L76 V, I47 V, I50 V, I54 M/L, or I84 V.

Acquired HIV-1 Protease Conformational Flexibility Associated with Lopinavir Failure May Shape the Outcome of Darunavir Therapy after Antiretroviral Therapy Switch.

PMID: 33805099 2021 Biomolecules

Introduction: The major HIV-1 PI resistance mutations that affect the efficacy of boosted LPV regimen are V32I, L33F, M46I/L, I47V/A, I50V, I54V/T/A/L/M, L76V, V82A/F/T/S, I84V.

HIV Drug Resistance Mutations Detection by Next-Generation Sequencing during Antiretroviral Therapy Interruption in China.

PMID: 33668946 2021 Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

Result: However, some minority DRMs at frequencies of 1%-5% disappeared, including N83D with PI-related, K70E, T215A, and K219E with NRTI-related and K101E, Y181C, H221Y and K238T with NNRTI-related, while others emerged, such as NNRTI-related V106A in patient GX088 at a frequency of 8.7%, and L23I, I47V and I84V with PI-related, D67N and

HIV-1 acquired drug resistance to integrase inhibitors in a cohort of antiretroviral therapy multi-experienced Mexican patients failing to raltegravir: a cross-sectional study.

PMID: 32041622 2020 AIDS research and therapy

Table: I47V

Drug Resistance Mutations Against Protease, Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors in People Living With HIV-1 Receiving Boosted Protease Inhibitors in South Africa.

PMID: 32265875 2020 Frontiers in microbiology

Result: The most common major PI RAMs observed were M46I and V82A (n = 12; 12%); I54V (n = 10; 10%); I84V and L76V (n = 7; 7%); I47A/V (n = 3; 3%); I50L/V (n = 2; 2%); and V32I (n = 2; 2%) (Table 1).

Discussion: The group receiving AZT plus 3TC or ABC plus 3TC showed the highest rate of PIs such as I54V, I84V, L76V, I47A/V, I50L/V, and V32I.

HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and protease mutations for drug-resistance detection among treatment-experienced and naive HIV-infected individuals.

PMID: 32119691 2020 PloS one

Abstract: M46I and I47V were the most common mutations for Result: The most common mutations were M46I and I47V for PIs, M184V for NRTIs, and K103N/S for NNRTIs (Table 6).

Table: I47V

The characteristics of pretreatment HIV-1 drug resistance in western Yunnan, China.

PMID: 32381145 2020 Epidemiology and infection

Result: Among the key DRMs for PIs, I50 V (0.3%, 1/322) conferred intermediate resistance and I47 V (0.3%, 1/322) conferred low-level resistance.

Highly drug-resistant HIV-1 protease reveals decreased intra-subunit interactions due to clusters of mutations.

PMID: 31920003 2020 The FEBS journal

Result: PR20 shows an expanded inhibitor binding cavity due to a cluster of mutations (D30N, V32I, I47V, and I84V).