Contribution of Gag and protease to variation in susceptibility to protease inhibitors between different strains of subtype B human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
PMID: 24172906
2014
The Journal of general virology
Abstract: Common polymorphisms in protease, including I13V, L63P and A71T, were shown to contribute to this reduction in PI susceptibility, in the absence of major resistance mutations.
Structural modifications induced by specific HIV-1 protease-compensatory mutations have an impact on the virological response to a first-line lopinavir/ritonavir-containing regimen.
PMID: 23687186
2013
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Specifically, the L10V + I13V + L63P + I93L cluster, related to fast virological failure, correlated with a decreased drug affinity for the enzyme in comparison with wild-type (DeltaGmut = -30.0 kcal/mol versus DeltaGwt = -42.3 kcal/mol).
Extreme multidrug resistant HIV-1 protease with 20 mutations is resistant to novel protease inhibitors with P1'-pyrrolidinone or P2-tris-tetrahydrofuran.
PMID: 23590295
2013
Journal of medicinal chemistry
Introduction: Recently, we characterized a clinically derived HIV-1 protease (PR20) bearing 20 mutations [Q7K, L10F, I13V, I15V, D30N, V32I, L33F, E35D, M36I, S37N, I47V, I54L, Q58E, I62V, L63P, A71V, I84V, N88D, L89T and L90M] and extremely resist
Transmission patterns of HIV-subtypes A/AE versus B: inferring risk-behavior trends and treatment-efficacy limitations from viral genotypic data obtained prior to and during antiretroviral therapy.
Result: The latter differed significantly in the frequencies of the major resistance RT mutations T215FY and K219QE (NRTI) and of several secondary/accessory mutations, including: the protease mutations I13V, M36I, I62V, L63P, A71V, V77I, L89M and I93L (Table 6) and the RT mutations A98S, K101N, K103R and V179I (Table 5).
HIV-1 drug resistance-associated mutations among antiretroviral-naive Thai patients with chronic HIV-1 infection.
Result: Secondary mutations related to polymorphisms (I13V (95%), M36I (83%), H69K (82%), V82I (43%) and L63P (28%)) also occurred among those genotyped.
Prevalence of Drug Resistance and Associated Mutations in a Population of HIV-1(+) Puerto Ricans: 2006-2010.
Result: I13V was the third highest mutation for 2006, 2007, and 2009 and was recorded in (155 of 707, 21.9%), (190 of 608, 31.3%), and (109 of 340, 32.1%) of the specimens, respectively.
Discussion: The third position was occupied by I13V in 2006, 2007, and 2009, while this place corresponded to I62V in 2008 and 2010.
Prevalence of HIV Drug Resistance Mutations in HIV Type 1 Isolates in Antiretroviral Therapy Naive Population from Northern India.
Result: Accessory minor PI mutations K20R, M36I, and H69K were seen in 7.3% (5/68), 97% (66/68), and 49% (33/68) patients, respectively; L63P, A71E, A71V, I13V, L10V, K45I, and K45R were observed in one patient each.
HIV-1 protease with 20 mutations exhibits extreme resistance to clinical inhibitors through coordinated structural rearrangements.
Result: Furthermore, PR20 possesses a network of internal mutations (L10F, I13V, I15V, L33F, M36I, N88D and L89T) that restrain the conformation of residues in the inhibitor binding site.
Result: Mutations of remote residues like I13V, I15V, M36I and L89T act to accommodate the larger side chains of mutated Phe10 and Phe33 in the hydrophobic core, and coordinate with second and first shell mutations to expand the inhibitor binding site and decrease hydrophobic contacts with inhibitors.
Result: Notably, the large aromatic side chain of L33F
Short communication: Drug resistance mutations in the HIV type 1 protease and reverse transcriptase genes in antiretroviral-naive Vietnamese children.
PMID: 22260721
2012
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Minor mutations were found in the protease gene, including L10I, I13V, G16E, M36I, D60E, I62V, I64V, L63P, H69K, V82I, and I93L.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2014
The Journal of general virology
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