literature

HIV mutation literature information.

HIV-1 subtype characteristics of infected persons living in southwestern Greece.

PMID: 26715861 2015 HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.)

Abstract: Protease substitutions I13V, E35D, M36I, R57K, H69K, and L89M, which serve as drug-resistance support mutations in subtype B, were present in the majority of subtype-A1 sequences

Discussion: Protease substitutions I13V, E35D, M36I, R57K, H69K, and L89M, which are drug-resistance support mutations in subtype B, were present in the majority of subtype-A1 sequences of the population studied, suggesting that these sequence alterations may occur as natural polymorphisms, and may serve as genetic signatures.

HIV-1 protease inhibitor drug resistance in Kenyan antiretroviral treatment-naive and -experienced injection drug users and non-drug users.

PMID: 26279669 2015 AIDS research and therapy

Abstract: Minor PI mutations including A71T, G48E, G48R, I13V, K20I, K20R,

Result: In non-drug users, 15 (46.9 %) ART-experienced individuals had minor mutations consisting of 5 (15.6 %) K20R, 2 (6.3 %) L10V, 2 (6.3 %) L33F, 1 (3.1 %) I13V + L63P, 1 (3.1 %) L10V + K20R, 3 (9.4 %) L10V + T74S and 1 (3.1 %) L33F + A71T.

Table: I13V

Effectiveness of a Treatment Switch to Nevirapine plus Tenofovir and Emtricitabine (or Lamivudine) in Adults with HIV-1 Suppressed Viremia.

PMID: 26107265 2015 PloS one

Table: I13V

Mutations in the reverse transcriptase and protease genes of human immunodeficiency virus-1 from antiretroviral naive and treated pediatric patients.

PMID: 25674767 2015 Viruses

Table: I13V

Effects of PRE and POST therapy drug-pressure selected mutations on HIV-1 protease conformational sampling.

PMID: 24983495 2014 FEBS letters

Result: Although PR20 does not show a predominant closed flap orientation in the absence of inhibitor, this construct also contains the following mutations considered to be within the hydrophobic core: L10F/I13V/I15V/I33F/M36I/-I62V/L90M.

Contribution of Gag and protease to variation in susceptibility to protease inhibitors between different strains of subtype B human immunodeficiency virus type 1.

PMID: 24172906 2014 The Journal of general virology

Abstract: Common polymorphisms in protease, including I13V, L63P and A71T, were shown to contribute to this reduction in PI susceptibility, in the absence of major resistance mutations.

Natural polymorphisms and unusual mutations in HIV-1 protease with potential antiretroviral resistance: a bioinformatic analysis.

PMID: 24629078 2014 BMC bioinformatics

Result: The I13V (17.33%), E35D (18.21%), R41K (19%) and R57K (17.88%) mutations had a p >= 10% and were located in polymorphic positions observed in non-B subtypes.

Table: I13V

Phenotypic characterization of virological failure following lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy using full-length Gag-protease genes.

PMID: 25096075 2014 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Result: A number of protease polymorphisms were present both at baseline and time of treatment failure: I13V, K14R, K20I, E35Q, M36I, R41K, R57K, Q61N, C67E, H69K, V82I and L89M (Table S1).

Persistence of frequently transmitted drug-resistant HIV-1 variants can be explained by high viral replication capacity.

PMID: 25575025 2014 Retrovirology

Table: I13V

HIV-1 diversity, transmission dynamics and primary drug resistance in Angola.

PMID: 25479241 2014 PloS one

Result: In subtype D isolates the frequency of polymorphism I13V was significantly lower than that found in sequences of the same subtype available in the Stanford database (Table S1).

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