In vitro generation of HIV type 1 subtype C isolates resistant to enfuvirtide.
PMID: 16218801
2005
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: All subtype C isolates showed evidence of genotypic changes in gp41 HR-1 following exposure to ENF that included G36S/E/D, I37T, V38M/A/L/E, N/S42D, N43K, L45R/M, and A50T/V.
Amino acid 36 in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp41 ectodomain controls fusogenic activity: implications for the molecular mechanism of viral escape from a fusion inhibitor.
Abstract: The mutation 36G-->D in a primary-isolate-derived Env decreased syncytium-forming activity and infectivity.
Natural resistance-associated mutations to Enfuvirtide (T20) and polymorphisms in the gp41 region of different HIV-1 genetic forms from T20 naive patients.
Abstract: Mutations within the HR1 env region were selected (N43D in three and G36V/D in one), resulting in high-level phenotypic resistance to ENF.
Emergence of resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in patients receiving fusion inhibitor (T-20) monotherapy.
PMID: 12019106
2002
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: Envs with double mutations (Q32R plus G36D and Q32H plus G36D) exhibited a level of resistance similar to that of G36D alone.
Abstract: In 5 of the 49 env clones, other mutations involving residues 32 (Q32R or Q32H) and 39 (Q39R) were found in combination with G36D.
Abstract: Sequence analysis of 49 clones derived from the plasma of patient 30-1 on day 14 revealed that 25 clones contained the G36D mutation, while 8 contained the V38A mutation.
Abstract: The mean 50% inhibition concentrations (IC(50)s) for mutants