HIV mutation literature information.


  HIV-1 pol diversity among female bar and hotel workers in Northern Tanzania.
 PMID: 25003939       2014       PloS one
Table: G190E


  Transmitted drug resistance to rilpivirine among antiretroviral-naive patients living with HIV from northern Poland.
 PMID: 24746180       2014       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Abstract: RPV-associated mutations were divided into RPV resistance mutations (K101E/P, E138A/G/K/Q/R, V179L, Y181C/I/V, Y188L, H221Y, F227C and M230I/L) according to the International AIDS Society-USA (IAS-USA) mutation list and variants potentially affecting RPV susceptibility (L100I, K101H/T, E138S, V179F/D/G/T, G190A/E/S, F227L and M230V) based on the


  Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) cross-resistance: implications for preclinical evaluation of novel NNRTIs and clinical genotypic resistance testing.
 PMID: 23934770       2014       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: G190E, a mutation that causes high-level nevirapine and efavirenz resistance, also markedly reduced susceptibility to etravirine and rilpivirine.
Abstract: RESULTS: Sixteen mutations at 10 positions were significantly associated with the greatest contribution to reduced phenotypic susceptibility (>=10-fold) to one or more NNRTIs, including: 14 mutations at six positions for nevirapine (K101P, K103N/S, V106A/M, Y181C/I/V, Y188C/L and G190A/E/Q/S); 10 mutations at six positions for efavirenz (L100I, K101P, K103N, V106M


  Persistence of HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance mutations.
 PMID: 23904291       2013       The Journal of infectious diseases
Table: G190E


  Trends in Genotypic HIV-1 Antiretroviral Resistance between 2006 and 2012 in South African Patients Receiving First- and Second-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens.
 PMID: 23840622       2013       PloS one
Method: Different RT mutations at the same residue were pooled, including the NRTI-resistance mutations D67NG, K70EGQ, L74VI, M184VI, T215YF, K219QE and the NNRTI-resistance mutations K101EH, K103NS, Y188LCH, and G190ASEQ.
Method: The following non-polymorphic ARV-selected mutations were classified as drug resistance mutations (DRM): (i) the NRTI resistance mutations M41L,  PMID: 23735817       2013       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Method: Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations that we assessed included K103N, Y181C, Y181I, G190A, G190S, V108I, Y188L, V106M, K103NS, K101E and G190E.


  Prevalence of pre-existing resistance-associated mutations to rilpivirine, emtricitabine and tenofovir in antiretroviral-naive patients infected with B and non-B subtype HIV-1 viruses.
 PMID: 23361642       2013       The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: We studied the primary rilpivirine RAMs (K101E/P, E138A/G/K/Q/R, V179L, Y181C/I/V, H221Y, F227C and M230I/L) and other potential rilpivirine-associated mutations (V90I, L100I, K101T, E138S, V179D/I, Y188L, V189I, G190A/E/S and M230V).


  Comparison of predicted susceptibility between genotype and virtual phenotype HIV drug resistance interpretation systems among treatment-naive HIV-infected patients in Asia: TASER-M cohort analysis.
 PMID: 23095645       2012       BMC research notes
Result: Although G190A/E and F227 were found in a proportion of these patients, a similar pattern to efavirenz could be seen whereby discrepant patients with V179D/E did not harbour any additional NNRTI RAMs.
Result: Among the 1226 patients with no discrepancy, the efavirenz-associated mutations were A98G (0.3%), K103N (0.8%), K103S (0.2%), V106M (0.2%), V179D (0.6%), Y181C (0.6%), G190A (0.3%), G190E (0.1%), P225H (0.2%), F227C (0.1%) and K238T (0.1%).
Result: RAMs found in dis


  Low prevalence of transmitted drug resistance in patients newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection in Sweden 2003-2010.
 PMID: 22448246       2012       PloS one
Method: The following resistance mutations were scored: to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs): M41L, K65R, D67N/G/E, T69D/insertion, K70R/E, L74V/I, V75M/T/A/S, F77L, Y115F, F116Y, Q151M, M184V/I, L210W, T215Y/F/I/S/C/D/V/E, K219Q/EN/R; to non-nucleoside revers


  Impact of Novel Resistance Profiles in HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase on Phenotypic Resistance to NVP.
 PMID: 22536497       2012       AIDS research and treatment
Introduction: There are four types of NNRTIs-resistant mutations: (1) Primary mutation: these mutations emerge earliest during therapy and cause high-level resistance to one or more NNRTIs, including K103N/S, Y181C/I/V, V106A/M, Y188L/C/H, and G190A/S/E.
Discussion: found the prevalence rate of H221Y in isolates from patients failing NVP treatment was 10.3% and the mutation was included in the top 10 and 15 determinants for NVP and EFV resistance, respectively, ranking even above some classical NNRTI resistance mutations, such as K101E, V108I, and



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