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 HIV mutation literature information.


  Oligonucleotide ligation assay detects HIV drug resistance associated with virologic failure among antiretroviral-naive adults in Kenya.
 PMID: 25140907       2014       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: Among the 10 with virologic outcome, 7 experienced virologic failure: 3 of these participants had single mutations (K103N, n=2; Y181C, n=1); 2 participants had 2 mutations (K103N and G190A, n=1; Y181C and G190A, n=1); and 2 participants had 3 mutations (K103N, M184V, and Y181C).
Result: In addition to the 7 participants who had mutations identified by OLA, pyrosequencing detected 17 additional participants with either very low (<2%) frequency mutations at the codons tested by OLA (M184V, K103N, Y181C, G190A), or mutations (frequ


  Prevalence and patterns of drug-resistance mutations among HIV-1 patients infected with CRF07_BC strains in Sichuan province, China.
 PMID: 25160759       2014       Virologica Sinica
Abstract: The most common mutation in the ART-failure group was M184V (35.88%), K103N (45.01%), Y181C (17.33%), and G190S/A (15.88%).


  Virological failure and HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among naive and antiretroviral pre-treated patients entering the ESTHER program of Calmette Hospital in Cambodia.
 PMID: 25166019       2014       PloS one
Result: In five pre-treated patients, viruses were found resistant to etravirine (ETR), a second-generation NNRTI drug, due to the simultaneous presence of the Y181C and G190A mutations.
Discussion: The rates of 181C/I, K103N/S G190A and M184L/V mutations were also higher than in another recent study in Cambodia among patients having a median duration of 12 months up to 4 years on antiretroviral therapy.


  Optimization of the oligonucleotide ligation assay for the detection of nevirapine resistance mutations in Zimbabwean Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 subtype C.
 PMID: 25239368       2014       Journal of virological methods
Abstract: An oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) designed to detect Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV)-drug-resistance to the nevirapine (NVP) selected mutations K103N, Y181C, V106M and G190A was used to evaluate 200 archived dried blood spots (DBS) from infected infants participating in the Zimbabwean Early Infant Diagnosis (EID) Program.
Introduction: Also, the probes for detection of V106M and G190A were not optimized for Zimbabwean HIV variants as indeterminate OLA results appeared to be caused by a variety of polymorphisms that could not be readily incorporated into new probes.
Introduction: An economical oligonucleotide ligation assay (OLA) was developed to detect mutations generally associated with HIV-DR to NVP (K103N,


  A uniquely prevalent nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutation in Russian subtype A HIV-1 viruses.
 PMID: 25259833       2014       AIDS (London, England)
Result: The most common NNRTI-resistance mutations in 725 samples from 647 NNRTI-experienced patients with subtype A viruses were K103N (19%), G190A (13%), Y181C (11%), K101E (4.4%), G190S (3.9%), and Y188L (1.7%) (Supplemental Figure 1, http://links.lww.com/QAD/A586).
Result: The next most common NNRTI-resistance mutations in subtype AFSU viruses were K103N (25 patients), Y181C (13 patients), G190A (8 patients), A98G (4 patients), V108I (3 patients), and Y188L


  A significant reduction in the frequency of HIV-1 drug resistance in Quebec from 2001 to 2011 is associated with a decrease in the monitored viral load.
 PMID: 25295725       2014       PloS one
Discussion: In TN individuals, M41L (2.1%), M184I/V (2.6%), K103N/S (3.65%) and G190A/S (3.67%) were the most common mutations detected.
Discussion: Our results show that since 2004, the frequency of K103N/S increased from 1.5% before 2003 to 4.1% in 2011 while G190A/S frequency decreased from 5.6% to 3.1%.
Discussion: We previously described a transmission chain of G190A-containing infections among primary/recently HIV-infected individuals, between 2001 and 2007.


  Determinants of HIV-1 drug resistance in treatment-naive patients and its clinical implications in an antiretroviral treatment program in Cameroon.
 PMID: 25394119       2014       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Abstract: The most commonly observed non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance mutations were K103N (n=10), Y181C (n=7), and G190A (n=6).


  Using dried blood spots collected under field condition to determine HIV-1 diversity and drug resistance mutations in resource limited Tanzania.
 PMID: 25397436       2014       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Abstract: The mutations detected were Y181C (n=8), K103 (n=4) and G190A (n=1), conferring resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), and M184V (n=1), conferring resistance to lamivudine and emtricitabine.


  Transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance mutations in newly diagnosed HIV-1 positive patients in Turkey.
 PMID: 25397495       2014       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Abstract: RESULTS: The patients had TDRMs to NRTIs (K65R, M184V), NNRTIs (K101E, K103N/S, G190A/E/S, Y181I/C, Y188H/L) and PIs (M46L, I54V, L76V, V82L/T, N83D, I84V, L90M).


  Use of dolutegravir in two INI-experienced patients with multiclass resistance resulted in excellent virological and immunological responses.
 PMID: 25397500       2014       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Table: G190A



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