Rilpivirine and Doravirine Have Complementary Efficacies Against NNRTI-Resistant HIV-1 Mutants.
PMID: 27124362
2016
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: HIV-1 variants G190A, P236L, and L100I/K103N were susceptible to DOR (<2 nM), however the G190S mutant showed a modest reduction in susceptibility (4.6 +- 1.2 nM) while the M230L mutant and the K103N/P225H double mutant had substantial decreases in their respective susceptibilities (51.1 +- 6.5 nM and 25.3 +- 4.5 nM, respectively).
Result: In addition, the triple mutant V106A/G190A/F227L was relatively insensitive to DOR (>100 nM).
Result: We chose NNRTI resistant mutants that are known to contribute to virological failure in
Treatment failure and drug resistance in HIV-positive patients on tenofovir-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in western Kenya.
PMID: 27231099
2016
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Result: 2/11, 18%, without; p=0.002); G190A/S (12/24, 50%, with K65R vs.
Result: Other common (>20%) RT mutations were NRTI-associated M184V/I (27/35, 77%) and NNRTI-associated Y181C/G/Y (22/35, 63%), G190A/S (13/35, 37%) and K103N/S (11/35, 31%).
Table: G190A
Discussion: First, our data support the reported association between K65R, Y181C and G190A, suggesting synergistic fitness effects, and extend it to NVP (not only EFV) treatment.
HIV-1 Drug Resistance by Ultra-Deep Sequencing Following Short Course Zidovudine, Single-Dose Nevirapine, and Single-Dose Tenofovir with Emtricitabine for Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission.
PMID: 27327263
2016
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: Of all mutations conferring resistance to NNRTIs, the most common were those conferring high-level NNRTI resistance such as K103N in 8 of 26 (30%), V106M in 8 of 26 (30%), Y188C in 6 of 26 (23%), G190A in 4 of 26 (15%), Y181C in 3 of 26 (11%), and V106A in 3 of 26 (11%) patients.
Accumulation of HIV-1 drug resistance after continued virological failure on first-line ART in adults and children in sub-Saharan Africa.
PMID: 27342546
2016
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: RESULTS: At first virological failure, DRM(s) were detected in 87% of participants: K103N (38.7%), G190A (21.8%), Y181C (20.2%), V106M (8.4%), K101E (8.4%), any E138 (7.6%) and V108I (7.6%) associated with NNRTIs, and M184V (69.7%), any thymidine analogue mutation (9.2%), K65R (5.9%) and K70R (5.0%) associated with NRTIs.
Treatment Outcomes and Resistance Patterns of Children and Adolescents on Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy in Asia.
PMID: 27355415
2016
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: Of the 156 (56%) children who had available resistance testing at the time of first-line failure, mutations included M184V (82%), >=1 thymidine analog mutation (TAM; 64%), >=4 TAMs (18%), T215Y/F (43%), K65R (10%), >=1 NNRTI mutation (92%), Y181I/C (44%), G190A (33%), K103N/S (27%), and V108I (15%); 30 (19%) children had DUET weighted scores >=4 (Table 2).
Surveillance of HIV Transmitted Drug Resistance in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Result: A significant increase in TDR to any ARV drug was observed (p = 0.0068), which coincided with an increase in NNRTI TDR (p = 0.0008) and in particular of G190A mutation (p = 0.0038), while the increase in frequency for K103N was not significant (Fig 9).
Result: A significant temporal increase in overall TDR was observed (p = 0.0044), which was associated with a significant increase in NNRTI TDR (p<0.0001) and frequency of K103N (p<0.0001) and G190A mutations (p = 0.02, Fig 7).
Result: Although a significant decrease in frequency of Y181C and G190A was observed (p<0.01), no significant trends were observed in NNRTI TDR.
Result: The most prevalen
Prevalence of HIV Antiretroviral Drug Resistance and Its Impacts on HIV-1 Virological Failures in Jiangsu, China: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Result: K103N, Y181C, G190A, and V108I were the most prevalent mutations associated with NNRTIs resistance and the frequencies were 33.70%, 29.35%, 27.17%, and 27.17%, respectively (Figure 2(b)).
From antiretroviral therapy access to provision of third line regimens: evidence of HIV Drug resistance mutations to first and second line regimens among Ugandan adults.
Abstract: The major Non-NRTI (NNRTI) mutations were K103N-19.0%, G190A-7.0% and Y181C-6.0%.
Conclusion: The NNRTI mutations observed included K103N, G190A and Y181C which cause high level resistance to Nevirapine and variable resistance to Efavirenz.
Result: The commonest major NNRTI resistance mutations known to reduce susceptibility or virological response to NNRTIs were: K103N:19.0%, G190A:7.0% and Y181C:6.0%.
Table: G190A
Role of Rilpivirine and Etravirine in Efavirenz and Nevirapine-Based Regimens Failure in a Resource-Limited Country: A Cross- Sectional Study.
Method: RT-RAMs were identified and analyzed by using the Stanford Drug Resistance Database for V90I, A98G, L100I/V, K101E/P/Q/H/N, K103N/S/T/Q/E/H/R, V106A/M/I, V108I, E138A/K/Q/G/R, V179D/E/T/F/L, Y181C/I/V/S/F/G, M184I, Y188C/H/L/F, G190A/S/E/Q/C/V/T, H221Y,
HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations: Potential Applications for Point-of-Care Genotypic Resistance Testing.
Result: K103N, Y181C and G190A were the three most common NNRTI DRMs in all regions and subtypes, occurring in more than 60% of viruses with intermediate or high-level
Result: Fig 2 shows that the most common NNRTI DRMs in viruses from individuals in LMICs with intermediate or high-level resistance on a first-line NRTI/NNRTI-containing regimen were K103N (45.5%), Y181C (27.0%), G190A (21.0%), and V106M (18.7%).
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2016
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
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