literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Persistent minority K103N mutations among women exposed to single-dose nevirapine and virologic response to nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-based therapy.

PMID: 19133804 2009 Clinical infectious diseases

Table: G190A

Emergence of primary NNRTI resistance mutations without antiretroviral selective pressure in a HAART-treated child.

PMID: 19277127 2009 PloS one

Abstract: The child's first genotype demonstrated a minor non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (K101E), and during her treatment with reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors full resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) emerged (G190A).

Method: A second genotyping performed one month after HAART showed K101E, G190A, and T215F.

Method: Another test performed 13 months after HAART initiation revealed the persistence of G190A and K101E and the accumulation

Compilation and prevalence of mutations associated with resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

PMID: 19320243 2009 Antiviral therapy

Abstract: These included V90I, A98G, L100I, K1O1E/P/Q, K103H/N/S/T, V106A/I/M, V108I, E138G/K/Q, V179D/E/F/G/I, Y181C/I/V, Y188C/H/L, V189I, G190A/C/E/Q/S, H221Y, P225H, F227C/L, M230I/L, P236L, K238N/T and Y318F

Identification of nevirapine-resistant HIV-1 in the latent reservoir after single-dose nevirapine to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.

PMID: 19338474 2009 The Journal of infectious diseases

Abstract: RESULTS: Although only a small number of latently infected cells were present in each blood sample (mean, 162 cells), nevirapine resistance mutations (K103N and G190A) were detected in the latent reservoir of 4 (8%) of 50 evaluable women.

Introduction: The most common mutations selected by single-dose nevirapine include K103N, Y181C, and G190A.

Result: A sensitive, sequence-specific assay, LigAmp, was used to screen virus released after activation of resting CD4+ T cells for the presence of 3 major nevirapine resistance mutations: K103N, Y181C, and G190A (table 2).

The public health approach to identify antiretroviral therapy failure: high-level nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance among Malawians failing first-line antiretroviral therapy.

PMID: 19417582 2009 AIDS (London, England)

Method: NNRTI mutations included K103N, Y181C, Y181I, G190A, G190S, V108I, Y188L, V106M, P225H, and K103NS.

Result: Among patients with exposure to NVP but not to EFV (n =85), the most common mutations were Y181C (55%) and G190A (26%).

Result: Among those with exposure to both NVP and EFV (n =9), K103N (33%) and G190A (33%) mutations were the most common.

Evaluation of transmitted HIV drug resistance among recently-infected antenatal clinic attendees in four Central African countries.

PMID: 19474474 2009 Antiviral therapy

Abstract: HIVDR prevalence in Douala was low for PIs and NNRTIs, and moderate for NRTIs as we identified one individual with M184V plus K101E plus G190A mutations and a second with D67D/N.

In utero HIV infection is associated with an increased risk of nevirapine resistance in ugandan infants who were exposed to perinatal single dose nevirapine.

PMID: 19552593 2009 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Abstract: Samples were tested with the ViroSeq HIV Genotyping System and a sensitive point mutation assay (LigAmp, for detection of K103N, Y181C, and G190A).

Introduction: Eight infants had mutations detected by ViroSeq [Y181C (n = 4), K103N (n = 1), V106M (n = 1), Y188C (n = 1), and V179D+K103R (n = 1)], and four infants had resistance detected by LigAmp only (all with Y181C, at 1.2%, 1.4%, 3.5%, and 7.8%; one infant also had G190A at 1.9%).

Introduction: For samples with sub

HIV type-1 clade C resistance genotypes in treatment-naive patients and after first virological failure in a large community antiretroviral therapy programme.

PMID: 19578237 2009 Antiviral therapy

Abstract: Three patients had one significant reverse transcriptase mutation: K65R, Y181C and G190A.

Result: Despite this cohort having no prior NNRTI exposure, there were two individuals with single NNRTI mutations (1.7%), one Y181C and one G190A, In contrast to the RT, in the protease inhibitor region there were a number of mutations which occurred frequently, though these were not expected to cause drug resistance.

Virological efficacy and emergence of drug resistance in adults on antiretroviral treatment in rural Tanzania.

PMID: 19583845 2009 BMC infectious diseases

Abstract: Among those successfully genotyped, the most frequent mutations were M184I/V (64%), conferring resistance to lamivudine, and K103N (27%), Y181C (27%) and G190A (27%), conferring resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), whereas 23% had thymidine analogue mutation

Result: The most frequent mutations were M184I/V (n = 14; 64%), conferring resistance to lamivudine, and K103N (n = 6; 27%), Y181C (n = 6; 27%) and G190A (n = 6; 27%), conferring resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).

Clinical and genotypic findings in HIV-infected patients with the K65R mutation failing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria.

PMID: 19644383 2009 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Result: The most common NNRTI mutations included: Y181C (168, 49.7%), K103N (123, 36.4%), G190A (89, 26.3%), A98G (66, 19.5%), K101E (59, 17.5%), V108I (52, 15.4%), and V90I (41, 12.1%).

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