HIV mutation literature information.


  Increased risk of Q151M and K65R mutations in patients failing stavudine-containing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Cambodia.
 PMID: 24015311       2013       PloS one
Result: In our study, other NRTI-RAMs known to be associated with Q151M-mediated multi-nucleoside resistance including A62V, V75I, F77L, and F116Y, were also significantly more common in patients harboring the Q151M mutation (p<0.001).


  Increasing trends in primary NNRTI resistance among newly HIV-1-diagnosed individuals in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
 PMID: 24093951       2013       Journal of the International AIDS Society
Method: Sequences were analyzed to identify mutations associated with reduced susceptibility to protease and RT inhibitors, as reported by the International AIDS Society-USA in 2010: RT-M41L, A62V, K65R, D67N, 69 insert, K70R, L74V,V75I, F77L, L100I, K101P, K103N, V106A, V106M, V108I, Y115F, F116Y,


  From the chemistry of epoxy-sugar nucleosides to the discovery of anti-HIV agent 4'-ethynylstavudine-Festinavir.
 PMID: 23092278       2013       Current pharmaceutical design
Introduction: The K65R mutation confers resistance to tenofovir and some NRTIs and, the Q151M complex (A62V, V75I, F77L, F116Y, and Q151M) confers resistance to most of the clinically approved NRTIs.


  Effect of translocation defective reverse transcriptase inhibitors on the activity of N348I, a connection subdomain drug resistant HIV-1 reverse transcriptase mutant.
 PMID: 23273211       2012       Cellular and molecular biology (Noisy-le-Grand, France)
Abstract: In this study we tested EFdA-triphosphate (TP) together with a related compound, ENdA-TP (4'-ethynyl-2-amino-2'-deoxdyadenosine triphosphate) against HIV-1 RTs that carry clinically relevant drug resistance mutations: N348I, D67N/K70R/L210Q/T215F, D67N/K70R/L210Q/T215F/N348I, and A62V/V5I/F77L/F116Y/Q151M.
Introduction: In this study we determine the ability of TDRTIs to block reverse transcription


  Low prevalence of transmitted drug resistance in patients newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection in Sweden 2003-2010.
 PMID: 22448246       2012       PloS one
Method: The following resistance mutations were scored: to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs): M41L, K65R, D67N/G/E, T69D/insertion, K70R/E, L74V/I, V75M/T/A/S, F77L, Y115F, F116Y, Q151M, M184V/I, L210W, T215Y/F/I/S/C/D/V/E, K219Q/EN/R; to non-nucleoside revers


  Transmitted drug resistance and phylogenetic relationships among acute and early HIV-1-infected individuals in New York City.
 PMID: 22592583       2012       Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
4Method: ARV resistance was defined by mutations at the following positions: M41L, A62V, K65R, D67N, T69ins, K70R, L74VI, Y115F, F116Y, Q151M, M184VI, T210W, T215YF and K219QE for Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTI), L100I, K101EP, K103NS, V106AM


  Biochemical, inhibition and inhibitor resistance studies of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus reverse transcriptase.
 PMID: 21908397       2012       Nucleic acids research
Discussion: In HIV, decreased binding of AZT is conferred initially in the presence of the primary Q151M mutation, followed by secondary mutations F77L, A62V, V75I and F116Y.


  Differential in vitro kinetics of drug resistance mutation acquisition in HIV-1 RT of subtypes B and C.
 PMID: 23056372       2012       PloS one
Discussion: Q151M is a primary mutation that in vivo can be co-selected together with a group of secondary mutations (A62V, V75I, F77L and F116Y) that confers a cross-resistance with all NRTIs.


  "K70Q adds high-level tenofovir resistance to ""Q151M complex"" HIV reverse transcriptase through the enhanced discrimination mechanism."
 PMID: 21249155       2011       PloS one
1Abstract: HIV-1 carrying the ""Q151M complex"" reverse transcriptase (RT) mutations (A62V/V75I/F77L/F116Y/Q151M, or Q151Mc) is resistant to many FDA-approved nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs), but has been considered susceptible to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TFV-DF or TDF)."
Introduction: This RT contains the Q151M mutation together with a cluster of four additional mutations (A62V/V75I/F77L/F116Y).


  The evolution of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in route to acquisition of Q151M multi-drug resistance is complex and involves mutations in multiple domains.
 PMID: 21569325       2011       Retrovirology
Introduction: The Q151M MDR complex is composed of the Q151M mutation, which is normally the first to appear, followed by at least two of the following four mutations: A62V, V75I, F77L and F116Y.



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