Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activity of the nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor GW678248 in combination with other antiretrovirals against clinical isolate viruses and in vitro selection for resistance.
PMID: 16251284
2005
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: Resistant progeny viruses recovered after eight passages had amino acid substitutions V106I, E138K, and P236L in the reverse transcriptase-coding region in one passage series and amino acid substitutions K102E, V106A, and P236L in a second passage series.
Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus by a new class of pyridine oxide derivatives.
PMID: 12937000
2003
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: All compounds, including those pyridine oxide derivatives that inhibit both HIV-1 and HIV-2 replication, select for NNRTI-characteristic mutations in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase of HIV-infected cell cultures (i.e., Lys103Asn, Val108Ile, Glu138Lys, Tyr181Cys and Tyr188His).
Site-directed mutagenesis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase at amino acid position 138.
Abstract: Mixtures of Glu138Lys RT mutant virus with the other virus clones mutated at the 138 position resulted in all cases, except for the Glu138Asp and Glu138Gly RT mutant viruses, in an outgrowth of the Glu138Lys RT mutant virus.
Abstract: Since the Glu138Lys RT proved most resistant to TSAO derivatives, was among the most catalytically efficient enzymes, and resulted in highly replication-competent virus, our data explain why the Glu138Lys RT mutant virus strains but not virus strains containing other amino acids at position 138 invariably emerge in cell cultures under TSAO dr
2-Amino-6-arylsulfonylbenzonitriles as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors of HIV-1.
PMID: 11384233
2001
Journal of medicinal chemistry
Abstract: When gauged for their broad-spectrum antiviral activity against key non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) related mutants, all the di-meta-substituted sulfones 3u-z and the 2-naphthyl analogue 3ee generally showed single-digit nanomolar activity against the V106A and P236L strains and submicromolar to low nanomolar activity against strains E138K, V108I, and Y188C.
"Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase dimer destabilization by 1-[Spiro[4""-amino-2"",2"" -dioxo-1"",2"" -oxathiole-5"",3'-[2', 5'-bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-beta-D-ribofuranosyl]]]-3-ethylthy mine."
Abstract: TSAOe(3)T was unable to destabilize the subunit interactions of the E138K mutant enzyme, which exhibits significant resistance to TSAOe(3)T inhibition.
"Presence of 2',5'-Bis-O-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-3'-spiro-5""-(4""-amino-1"",2""-oxath iole-2"",2""-dioxide) (TSAO)-resistant virus strains in TSAO-inexperienced HIV patients."
PMID: 10875608
2000
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: E138K, not E138A, is a known TSAO-specific resistance mutation, emerging under selective pressure in vitro.
Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of 1,1,3-trioxo-2H,4H-thieno[3,4-e][1,2,4]thiadiazines (TTDs): a new family of HIV-1 specific non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
Abstract: Some of the test compounds exhibited antiviral activity against L100I RT mutant virus, but significantly lost antiviral activity against K103N, V106A, E138K, Y181C and Y188H RT mutant viruses.
1,1,3-Trioxo-2H,4H-thieno[3,4-e][1,2,4]thiadiazine (TTD) derivatives: a new class of nonnucleoside human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase inhibitors with anti-HIV-1 activity.
PMID: 9517942
1998
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Abstract: HIV-1 strains containing the L100I, K103N, V106A, E138K, Y181C, or Y188H mutations in their reverse transcriptase (RT) displayed reduced sensitivity to the compounds.
Zidovudine-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains subcultured in the presence of both lamivudine and quinoxaline HBY 097 retain marked sensitivity to HBY 097 but not to lamivudine.
PMID: 9359746
1997
The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: The virus recovered after exposure to the drug combinations individually had acquired the 103 Lys-->Arg, 138 Glu-->Lys, 184 Met-->Ile, and 189 Val-->Ile mutations in the genetic zidovudine-resistance background of zidovudine-resistant HIV-1.
Marked inhibitory activity of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 when combined with (-)2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine.
Abstract: When used individually, the compounds led to the emergence of HIV-1 strains containing the following mutations in the RT: Glu138 to lysine for TSAO-m3T, Met184 to valine for 3TC, Lys103 to threonine/asparagine for the thiocarboxanilides, and Tyr181 to cysteine for BHAP and MKC-442.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2005
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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