Result: At baseline, mutations with a frequency of 20% and above were NRTI-related, such as M184VI (2.0%, 1/49), and NNRTI-related like K103N (14.3%, 7/49), E138AG (4.1%, 2/49), V179D (2.0%, 1/49) and P225H (2.0%, 1/49).
Result: In addition, NGS detected three more mutations in three patients: Y188C, E138A and K103N, at frequencies of 22.96%, 27.38% and 43.68%, respectively.
Result: The most common drug resistance mutation was K103N (13.2%), followed by V179D (6.3%) and E138AGK (3.5%).
Discussi
Low Frequency of Integrase Inhibitor Resistance Mutations Among Therapy-Naive HIV Patients in Southeast China.
PMID: 33679129
2021
Drug design, development and therapy
Result: A total of 12 samples contained 13 NNRTIs-resistance mutations:V106I in 4 samples, V179E, V179D mutations each in 3 samples, E138A mutations in 2 samples and V106M in 1 sample.
Table: E138A
Short Communication: Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors Drug Resistance Mutations in Puerto Rico HIV-Positive Individuals.
PMID: 33800269
2021
International journal of environmental research and public health
Result: Interestingly, two samples, one collected in 2013 and the other in 2016, presented concurrently the mutations E138A, G140S, and Q148H, which confer high-level resistance to all INSTIs, including BIC (Table 2).
Result: Previous studies have demonstrated that HIV-1 patient samples harboring these mutations (E138EA, G140S, and Q148HKR) show high-level resistance to INSTIs, and these combinations were identified in 1.52% of our sequences.
Result: The E138EA and G140S mutations by themselves do not reduce or improve INSTIs susceptibility.
Result: The mos
HIV-1 Subtype C Drug Resistance Mutations in Heavily Treated Patients Failing Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor-Based Regimens in Botswana.
Method: The mutations of interest included: T66A/I/K, E92Q, G118R, E138K/A/T, G140S/A/C, Y143R/C/H, S147G, Q148H/R/K, N155H and R263K.
Result: The four individuals failing DTG cART but with no documented prior exposure to RAL, their selected DRMs were E138K, G140A, Q148K, A128T; G118R, E138K; N155ND and T66
Virologic outcomes of switching to dolutegravir functional mono- or dual therapy with a non-cytosine nucleoside analog: a retrospective study of treatment-experienced, patients living with HIV.
Method: Patients with the following baseline mutations associated with reduced susceptibility to DTG: T66K, E92Q, G118R, E138 K/A/T, G140 S/A/C, Q148 H/R/K, N155H and R263K were excluded.
Prevalence of genotypic baseline risk factors for cabotegravir + rilpivirine failure among ARV-naive patients.
PMID: 34015097
2021
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: The overall prevalence of L74I in integrase and E138A in RT was 13.0% and 3.2%, respectively, and stable over the decade.
High HIV-1 Virological Failure and Drug Resistance among Adult Patients Receiving First-Line ART for At least 12 Months at a Decentralized Urban HIV Clinic Setting in Senegal before the Test-and-Treat.
Result: In subtype B one cluster with NNRTI K101H/E138A mutation was observed, in four sequence pairs there was also evidence of the shared resistance patterns (
Figure: As non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase E138A mutation is not included in the tDRM list, but is associated with significant reduction of susceptibility to rilpivirine, it was marked in violet.
Discussion: The remining observed NNRTI DRMs were accessory, potentially reducing susceptibility to etravirine or rilpivirine (E138A).
Discussion: We have previously observed the similar frequency (5.3%) of the rilpivirine associated DRMs with E138A and E138G being the most common DRM.
Genetic Diversity and Acquired Drug Resistance Mutations Detected by Deep Sequencing in Virologic Failures among Antiretroviral Treatment Experienced Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Patients in a Pastoralist Region of Ethiopia.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
International journal of infectious diseases
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