Detection of minority drug resistant mutations in Malawian HIV-1 subtype C-positive patients initiating and on first-line antiretroviral therapy.
PMID: 29977795
2018
African journal of laboratory medicine
Result: Other NNRTI mutations, such as V90I, K103N, V106A/M, E138A, V179E, Y181C, Y188C/L and G190E were also found in one or two samples.
Result: The common minority NNRTI mutations detected were V106M, V179T and G190A (3/20 each), followed by E138K and Y181C (2/20 each), and K101P, K103N, V108I, E138A,
Selective resistance profiles emerging in patient-derived clinical isolates with cabotegravir, bictegravir, dolutegravir, and elvitegravir.
Abstract: Two EVG-resistant variants developed resistance to DTG, BIC and CAB through the additional acquisition of E138A/Q148R and S230N, respectively.
Result: The 96USSN20 virus resistant to EVG (T66I, Q146R, and S147G) lost Q146R and acquired E138A and Q148R with DTG, BIC and CAB.
Table: E138A
Emergence of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in mothers on treatment with a history of prophylaxis in Ghana.
Result: Three major DRAMs to NNRTIs were seen in 3 patients among the drug-naive participants; these DRAMs were K103 N, V106A and E138A.
Table: E138A
Discussion: E138A mutation in the RT gene was seen in this group and though it does not cause reduction in susceptibility to NVP and EFV, it confers low-level resistance to RPV and ETR, other NNRTIs not used in Ghana, pointing to another case of cross-resistance.
HIV-1C proviral DNA for detection of drug resistance mutations.
Result: G190A, E138A/G) were found concurrently both in viral RNA and proviral DNA, in two patients resistance mutations (M46I and G190E) were detected only in viral RNA, and in five patients archived transmitted drug resistance mutations (M230I, G73S, M184I, M46I, and A62V) in proviral DNA were identified.
Result: However, its presence reduces ETR and RPV susceptibility by about 2-fold and hence the presence of E138A prior to therapy may reduce the antiviral activity of RPV.
Result: Please note that, E138A is a polymorphic change dependin
Table: E138A
Increasing proportions of HIV-1 non-B subtypes and of NNRTI resistance between 2013 and 2016 in Germany: Results from the national molecular surveillance of new HIV-diagnoses.
Abstract: Reduced susceptibility to recommended first-line therapies was low with 1.0% for PIs, 1.3% for NRTIs and 0.7% for INSTIs, but high for the NNRTIs efavirence (4.9%) and rilpivirine (6.0%) due to the K103N mutation and the polymorphic mutation E138A.
Table: E138A
Discussion: On the other hand, NNRTI resistance is underestimated due to the lack of the E138A mutation.
Discussion: Therefore, the predicted resistance to the currently recommended first-line regimens consisting of two NRTI plus one PI or one INSTI is very low at the pop
HIV-1 drug-resistant mutations and related risk factors among HIV-1-positive individuals experiencing treatment failure in Hebei Province, China.
HIV Drug Resistance Mutations in Non-B Subtypes After Prolonged Virological Failure on NNRTI-Based First-Line Regimens in Sub-Saharan Africa.
PMID: 28129253
2017
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: In general, DRMs were more common in subtype-C than in subtype-A and/or subtype-D (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations K65R and Q151M; NNRTI mutations E138A, V106M, Y181C, K101E, and H221Y).
Surveillance of HIV-1 pol transmitted drug resistance in acutely and recently infected antiretroviral drug-naive persons in rural western Kenya.
Method: Primary INSTI RAMs against EVG and/or RAL were based on IAS-USA Guidelines of RAMs with some modifications to remove secondary INSTI RAMs (i.e., L74M, F121Y, E138A/K, and G140A/S) (Fig 1).
Prevalence of rilpivirine resistance in people starting antiretroviral treatment in Argentina.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2018
African journal of laboratory medicine
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