Usefulness of an HIV DNA resistance genotypic test in patients who are candidates for a switch to the rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate combination.
PMID: 27231280
2016
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Rilpivirine/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate RAMs studied were K65R, L100I, K101E/P, E138A/G/K/R/Q, V179L, Y181C/I/V, M184V/I, Y188L, H221Y, F227C and M230I/L in the RT.
Pre-existing singleton E138A mutations in the reverse transcriptase gene do not affect the efficacy of first-line antiretroviral therapy regimens using rilpivirine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients.
PMID: 27352730
2016
Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
Abstract: We studied 25 HIV newly diagnosed patients with the E138A mutation since the year 2010.
Therapy-Emergent Drug Resistance to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors in HIV-1 Patients: A Subgroup Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.
Abstract: The ten major integrase mutations (including N155H, Y143C/R, Q148H/R, Y143Y/H, L74L/M, E92Q, E138E/A, Y143C, Q148Q and Y143S) can reduce the sensitivity of RAL and EVG.
Discussion: The ten major integrase mutations(including N155H, Y143C/R, Q148H/R, Y143Y/H, L74L/M, E92Q, PMID: 27645238
2016
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Figure: Primary INSTI resistance mutations are T66I/A/K, E92Q/G, T97A, Y143C/H/R, S147G, Q148H/K/R, and N155H, and other INSTI resistance mutations are H51Y, L68I/V, V72A/N/T, L74M, Q95K/R, F121C/Y, A128T, E138A/K, G140A/C/S, P145S, PMID: 27697032
2016
Current HIV research
Abstract: The prevalence of DRMs to rilpivirine for E138A/G was 5.7%.
HIV Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naive Individuals in the Largest Public Hospital in Nicaragua, 2011-2015.
Discussion: Also of interest, a large cluster of patients with the E138A mutation was observed, including both females and males (MSM and heterosexual).
Discussion: Although it is true that part of the increasing trend in PDR was due to an increasing trend observed in E138A frequency (Fig 5), affecting RPV and ETR (drugs not used in Nicaragua), PDR to the two most common first-line ART regimens in Nicaragua reached important levels in 2015: 14.6% to AZT + 3TC + EFV and 10.4% to TDF + FTC + EFV.
Discussion: In all, these observations suggest long-term stability of E138A, and that E138A spread may be associated to founder effects rather than increasing transmission from persons with ADR.
Discussion: In most cases, the presence of E138A was not associated with other low-abundance DR variants.
Prevalence of Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTI) Resistance Mutations in Taiwan.
Discussion: Besides the Q148 mutation combined with one or more of G140A/C/S, L74I and E138A/K/T was identified to reduce viral susceptibility to dolutegravir, two amino acid mutations, G118R and R263K, have been reported to confer low-level resistance to dolutegravir.
Discussion: In patients experiencing virological failure to the first generation of INSTIs, raltegravir and elvitegravir, three genotypic mutation pathways have been defined: Q148H/R/K (+-G140S or E138A/K), N155H (+-E92Q), and Y143C/H/R (+- PMID: 27957489
2016
BioMed research international
Result: The mutations with a low effect on the resistance to NNRTIs (E138A, V108I, and V90I) also had a low prevalence.
Archived HIV-1 DNA resistance mutations to rilpivirine and etravirine in successfully treated HIV-1-infected individuals pre-exposed to efavirenz or nevirapine.
PMID: 25344807
2015
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: Rilpivirine RAMs were detected in 41 (32%) individuals, with highest frequency for the mutations Y181C/I/V (18%), K101E/P (7%) and E138A/G/K/Q/R/S (6%) and the association L100I+K103N/S (5%).
Viral Genetic Diversity and Polymorphisms in a Cohort of HIV-1-Infected Patients Eligible for Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Abuja, Nigeria.
PMID: 25582324
2015
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Result: Among all the mutations detected, T74S (54.5%) in PR and E138A (17%), V179I (16%), followed by V118I and V179E (14% each) in RT were the most prevalent, while T69NS, V90I, and V106I were present at only 5% each.
Result: Five specimens had A98G, K101EK, V108IV, K103N, E138A, and G190A occurring alone or in combination with each other, which could cause intermediate and/or high-level resistance to delavirdine (D
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2016
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
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