literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in Eastern European and Central Asian countries.

PMID: 35061671 2022 PloS one

Result: Mutations with a frequency higher than 1% in the study cohort, in clusters and outside clusters were E138A (5.3% vs 5.7%, overall, 5.6%, p = 0.830), K103N (3.5% vs 2.7%, overall 2.9%, p = 0.515), and

Discussion: The predominant NNRTI DRMs included E138A/G, which is the natural polymorphic mutation for sub-subtype A6, was previously shown to have a prevalence of 7% frequency in Russian HIV-infected patients, and is associated with low-level DR to rilpivirine, which is not taken into account in the assessment of PDR; V106I, which alone causes a minimal reduction in NNRTI susceptibility; and K103N/S, which causes a large reduction in NVP and EFV susceptibility.

Integrase Inhibitor Resistance Mechanisms and Structural Characteristics in Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced, Integrase Inhibitor-Naive Adults with HIV-1 Infection Treated with Dolutegravir plus Two Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in the DAWNING Study.

PMID: 34694877 2022 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Table: E138A/K

Emergence of Resistance in HIV-1 Integrase with Dolutegravir Treatment in a Pediatric Population from the IMPAACT P1093 Study.

PMID: 34694878 2022 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Result: Additional integrase substitutions accumulated at weeks 136 and 168, with genotyping results of E138A/E/K/T, S147G/S, and R263K and E138T, S147G, and R263K, respectively.

Table: E138A/E

Deep sequencing of HIV-1 reveals extensive subtype variation and drug resistance after failure of first-line antiretroviral regimens in Nigeria.

PMID: 34741609 2022 The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

Result: There was only one participant who had more than one class of minority variant in the absence of any resistance mutations at >=20% frequency, and they had a core NRTI minority variant L74V at 8.6% and NNRTI minority variant E138A at 2.4%.

Phase 2 Open-Label Study of Long-Term Safety, Tolerability, and Antiviral Activity of Rilpivirine in Antiretroviral-Naive Adolescents Living with HIV-1.

PMID: 34871089 2022 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Method: Patients with previously documented HIV-2 infection, with active AIDS, and with documented genotypic evidence of >=1 NNRTI resistance-associated mutation (RAM) from a predefined list of the following NNRTI RAMs at screening were excluded: A98G, L100I, K101E, K101P, K101Q, K103H, K103N, K103S, K103T, V106A, V106M, V108I, E138A, E138G,

Rising rates of recent preexposure prophylaxis exposure among men having sex with men newly diagnosed with HIV: antiviral resistance patterns and treatment outcomes.

PMID: 34873084 2022 AIDS (London, England)

Table: E138A

Brief Report: Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Efficacy in Participants With Preexisting Primary Integrase Inhibitor Resistance Through 48 Weeks of Phase 3 Clinical Trials.

PMID: 34897227 2022 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Table: E138A/G

Table: E138A

Table: E138K/A

Impact of Integrase Sequences from HIV-1 Subtypes A6/A1 on the In Vitro Potency of Cabotegravir or Rilpivirine.

PMID: 34978890 2022 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Introduction: In addition, each participant had treatment-emergent NNRTI resistance mutations E138K, E138E/A/K/T, or K101E (n = 1 each), with the latter 2 participants showing >2-fold reduced susceptibility to rilpivirine versus the reference virus.

Method: DNA fragments encoding PR/RT from the NL4-3 clone (HIV-1 subtype B) or the 92UG037 reference strain (HIV-1 subtype A1) with or without K101E, E138A, E138K, or E138T RT mutations were synthesized and ligated into replication-defective proviral vectors at Monogram Biosciences.

Result: Introduction of

Switching efavirenz to rilpivirine in virologically suppressed adolescents with HIV: a multi-centre 48-week efficacy and safety study in Thailand.

PMID: 35001501 2022 Journal of the International AIDS Society

Method: We excluded individuals with prior evidence of NNRTI-associated resistance mutations based on the IAS-USA HIV drug-resistance mutations list (2019) (V90I, A98G, L100I, K101E/H/P/Q/R/N, K103N/S, V106A/M/I, V108I, E138K/A/G/Q/R, V179D/F/L/T, Y181C/I/V, Y188L/C/H, G190A/S/E,H221Y, P225H, F227L/C/R,

DOLAVI Real-Life Study of Dolutegravir Plus Lamivudine in Naive HIV-1 Patients (48 Weeks).

PMID: 35336931 2022 Viruses

Abstract: DT started within 7 days of first specialist consultation in all patients and the same day in 84.1%; 3.4% had baseline resistance mutations (K103N, V106I + E138A, and V108I); 12.5% were lost to follow-up.

Result: Baseline resistance mutations (K103N, V106I + E138A, and V108I, respectively) were detected in three patients (3.4%).

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