Persistence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Proviral Deoxyribonucleic Acid After Virologic Failure of Efavirenz-Containing Antiretroviral Regimens.
PMID: 30863788
2019
Open forum infectious diseases
Result: For a number of TDRMs, no loss could be observed during the observation period (S1 Table) and, according to their maximal duration of observation, the following TDRMs seem to survive for lengthy periods in the absence of ART: the NRTI resistance mutations D67N (5.9 years), K70R (6.9 years), F77L (10.2 years), T215E (5.9 years) and K219Q (5.9 years), the NNRTI resistance mutations A98G (6.5 years) and Y188L (5.9 years) as well as the PI mutations I54L (5.9 years) and L90M (8.4 years) (S1 Table).
Result: The presence of three or more TDRMs was mainly due to the accum
Development of the R263K Mutation to Dolutegravir in an HIV-1 Subtype D Virus Harboring 3 Class-Drug Resistance.
PMID: 30648124
2019
Open forum infectious diseases
Conclusion: At that time, resistance testing showed NRTI (M184V, T69D, T215S, D67N, K219Q), NNRTI (Y181C, Y188L, H221Y) and PI (L10I, D30N, K20T, L33F, K43T, N88D) resistance, with PI resistance to nelfinavir.
Table: D67N
Drug resistance evolution in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-1 under long-term antiretroviral treatment-failure in Yunnan Province, China.
Discussion: Two clusters were studied here; TAM-1 (M41 L and T215Y) and TAM-2 (D67N, K70R, and K219Q).
Virological outcomes of boosted protease inhibitor-based first-line ART in subjects harbouring thymidine analogue-associated mutations as the sole form of transmitted drug resistance.
PMID: 30544247
2019
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Method: TAMs comprised the RT mutations M41L, D67N/G/E, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F/rev and K219Q/E/N/R; T215rev comprised any change from T215 other than T215Y and T215F.
Table: D67N
Predicted antiviral activity of tenofovir versus abacavir in combination with a cytosine analogue and the integrase inhibitor dolutegravir in HIV-1-infected South African patients initiating or failing first-line ART.
PMID: 30380053
2019
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Result: When DRM5% were assessed, double the number of NRTI mutations were found (n = 22), mostly represented by K65R (n = 4/22, 18.2%) and the TAMs D67N and K219EQ (Figure 1b).
Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Drug Resistance in a Large US Clinic Population.
Method: A subset of the NRTI-associated SDRMs were classified as thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) including M41L, D67N/G, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F, K219Q/E/R/N, and the T215 revertants T215C/D/E/I/S/V (which evolve from T215F/Y in the absence of selective drug pressure).
Increasing proportions of HIV-1 non-B subtypes and of NNRTI resistance between 2013 and 2016 in Germany: Results from the national molecular surveillance of new HIV-diagnoses.
Result: Less frequently observed were the mutations D67N (n = 8), K65R (n = 2) and K70R (n = 2).
The association between detected drug resistance mutations and CD4(+) T-cell decline in HIV-positive individuals maintained on a failing treatment regimen.
Abstract: Among individuals with at least one DRM, we found evidence that any nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistance, the reverse transcriptase (RT) mutations M184V, D67N and T215Y as well as the protease mutations V82A and I54V were associated with reduced CD4 declines.
Distinct Pattern of Thymidine Analogue Mutations with K65R in Patients Failing Tenofovir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy.
PMID: 29084434
2018
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Introduction: Based on significant previous research of DRMs, TAMs have been described to associate into one of two distinct pathways: TAM-1 (M41L, L210W, T215Y) or TAM-2 (D67N, K70R, T215F, K219E/Q).
Introduction: For all TAMs, with the exception of K219E, D67N, and K70R, there was no acquisition from S1 to S2 in patients on TDF, whereas the mean acquisition rates of individual TAMs in the patients on AZT varied from 0.005 mutations per month to 0.019 mutations per month.
Introduction: However, three males in the study exhibited the K65R, K219E +-
ViMRT
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2019
Open forum infectious diseases
