literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Antiretroviral drug resistance surveillance among treatment-naive human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals in Angola: evidence for low level of transmitted drug resistance.

PMID: 19433560 2009 Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy

Abstract: Two (1.6%) unrelated patients harbored nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor- and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant viruses (mutations: M41L, D67N, M184V, L210W, T215Y or T215F, and K103N).

Evaluation of transmitted HIV drug resistance among recently-infected antenatal clinic attendees in four Central African countries.

PMID: 19474474 2009 Antiviral therapy

Abstract: HIVDR prevalence in Douala was low for PIs and NNRTIs, and moderate for NRTIs as we identified one individual with M184V plus K101E plus G190A mutations and a second with D67D/N.

Abstract: In Yaounde, we found one individual with the D67D/N mutation and two with K103N.

Virological efficacy and emergence of drug resistance in adults on antiretroviral treatment in rural Tanzania.

PMID: 19583845 2009 BMC infectious diseases

Table: D67N

Clinical and genotypic findings in HIV-infected patients with the K65R mutation failing first-line antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria.

PMID: 19644383 2009 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Result: The most common NRTI mutations observed were M184V (301, 89.1%), K70R (91, 26.9%), D67N (75, 22.2%), T215Y (61, 18.0%), T215F (51, 15.1%), M41L (46, 13.6%), K219Q (45, 13.3%), S68G (43, 12.7%), and K65R (37, 10.9%).

Analysis of the diversity of the HIV-1 pol gene and drug resistance associated changes among drug-naive patients in Burkina Faso.

PMID: 19697403 2009 Journal of medical virology

Abstract: The mutations were distributed as follows: NRTI (10.6%): M41L (n = 2), D67N (n = 2), K70K/E (n = 2), L210W (n = 1), T215S/Y (n = 2), and K219K/Q (n = 2); NNRTI (6.1%): K103K/N (n = 2), Y181C (n = 2), G190G/A (n = 1), and P236P/L (n = 1).

Transmitted antiretroviral drug resistance among acute and recent HIV infections in North Carolina from 1998 to 2007.

PMID: 19704170 2009 Antiviral therapy

Result: The most common TAM was M41L, occurring in 5 cases; D67N and K219Q were each present in 3 samples.

Structural basis for the role of the K65R mutation in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase polymerization, excision antagonism, and tenofovir resistance.

PMID: 19812032 2009 The Journal of biological chemistry

Introduction: Mutations M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y, and K219Q/E/N, which are primary resistance mutations for AZT and stavudine, are called thymidine analog mutations (TAMs), AZTr, or excision-enhancing mutations.

Figure: Superposition of excision-enhancing mutation or TAM (M41L, D67N, K70R, T215Y, and K219Q) RT dsDNA AZTppppA structure4 on K65R RT dsDNA dATP structure at their dNTP-binding sites; AZTppppA is the product of AZT monophosphate by ATP-mediated excision.

Discuss

RT-SHIV subpopulation dynamics in infected macaques during anti-HIV therapy.

PMID: 19889213 2009 Retrovirology

Discussion: The 214F mutation is associated with nucleoside analogue mutation cluster 2 (D67N+K70R+K219Q+T215F) and negatively associated with nucleotide analogue mutation cluster 1 (M41L+L210W+T215Y).

Viremia, resuppression, and time to resistance in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) subtype C during first-line antiretroviral therapy in South Africa.

PMID: 19911963 2009 Clinical infectious diseases