Abstract: To test the predictions of this model, we analyzed the effects of previously identified cn mutations in combination with thymidine analog mutations (D67N, K70R, T215Y, and K219Q) on in vitro RNase H activity and AZT monophosphate (AZTMP) excision.
HIV drug resistance pattern among HAART-exposed patients with suboptimal virological response in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
PMID: 18667925
2008
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Abstract: Some resistance mutations, notably D67N/G, K70R and L210W (thymidine analogue mutations-TAMs); K101E, V179E in RT, 154V, V82A/T/F and L90M in PR were significantly higher among CRF06_cpx than CRF02_AG strains (P < 0.05).
HIV type 1 subtype C drug resistance among pediatric and adult South African patients failing antiretroviral therapy.
PMID: 19000027
2008
AIDS research and human retroviruses
Abstract: Ninety-one percent of patients harbored resistance mutations; the most frequent NRTI mutations were M184V/I (37%), D67N (32%), T215Y/F (25%), K70R (21%), M41L (20%), K219Q/E (14%), and K65R (14%), reflecting the frequent use of lamuvidine and zidovudine.
Silent mutations are selected in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and affect enzymatic efficiency.
Abstract: In clade B samples, there was a very strong relationship between the silent mutations and the thymidine analogue mutations, in particular D67N.
Abstract: Steady-state kinetic experiments demonstrated that HIV-1 reverse transcriptase exhibited a strong tendency to pause and/or dissociate at codons 65 and 66 on RNA templates that contained the D67N and K70R mutations.
Introduction: By contrast, the mutations M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215F/Y and K219Q/E - typically referred to as thymidine analog mutations (TAMs) - augment the ability of HIV-1 RT to excise the chain-terminating
Mechanism by which a glutamine to leucine substitution at residue 509 in the ribonuclease H domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase confers zidovudine resistance.
Abstract: In the current study, we have defined the mechanism by which Q509L confers AZT resistance by performing in-depth biochemical analyses of wild type, D67N/K70R/T215F and D67N/K70R/T215F/Q509L HIV-1 RT.
Abstract: We recently reported that zidovudine (AZT) selected for the Q509L mutation in the ribonuclease H (RNase H) domain of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), which increases resistance to AZT in combination with the thymidine analogue mutations D67N, K70R, and T215F
[Research on the selective kinetics of HIV-1 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug resistance-associated mutations among 4 AIDS patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy].
PMID: 19103117
2008
Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi
Abstract: Interestingly, in patient 'C', some clones comprising not only TAMs pattern 1 mutations (T215Y) but also TAMs pattern 2 mutations (K70R, D67N).
Abstract: TAMs pattern 2, including D67N, K70R and K219Q mutations, was discovered in patient 'B'.
The fitness cost of mutations associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug resistance is modulated by mutational interactions.
Abstract: We also demonstrate that the fitness cost of M184V and K70R can be decreased or enhanced by other resistance mutations such as D67N and K219Q.
Drug-resistant HIV-1 prevalence in patients newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS in Japan.
Abstract: Twenty-three cases, including three recently infected patients, were infected with HIV-1 having major drug-resistance mutations, including M41L, D67N, L100I, K103N, V106A, M184I, M184V, L210W, and revertant mutations at the 215 codon in reverse transcriptase and M46I in protease encoding regions.
Emergence of the H208Y mutation in the reverse transcriptase (RT) of HIV-1 in association with nucleoside RT inhibitor therapy.
PMID: 17356061
2007
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Abstract: The prevalence of H208Y was highest in genotypes harbouring M184V and the thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) M41L, D67N, L210W and T215Y.
Lamivudine/abacavir maintains virological superiority over zidovudine/lamivudine and zidovudine/abacavir beyond 5 years in children.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2008
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
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