Introduction: The authors reported a faster rate of reversion for primary resistance mutations (K70R, M184I/V, T215Y/F in RT, and D30N, M46I/L, V82A, L90M in PR) compared to secondary mutations (M41L, D67N, T69D/N, L210W, K219Q/E in RT and L10I/V, L63P, A71V/T, V77I in PR)
Clinical significance of HIV reverse-transcriptase inhibitor-resistance mutations.
Abstract: Several large-scale HIV-1 genotypic analyses have revealed that the most prevalent nucleos(t)ide analog RT inhibitor (NRTI)-resistance mutation is M184V/I followed by a series of thymidine analog-associated mutations: M41L, D67N, K70R, L210W, T215Y/F and K219Q/E.
Thymidine analogue excision and discrimination modulated by mutational complexes including single amino acid deletions of Asp-67 or Thr-69 in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.
PMID: 21504903
2011
The Journal of biological chemistry
Abstract: Molecular dynamics studies based on models of wild-type HIV-1 RT and mutant Delta69, Delta67/T69G/K70R, and D67N/K70R RTs support a relevant role for Lys/Arg-70 in the excision reaction.
HIV-1 drug resistance at antiretroviral treatment initiation in children previously exposed to single-dose nevirapine.
Result: Nineteen samples had major NRTI mutations, specifically K219E/Q (n=8), L74V (n=7), K70E (n=3), D67N (n=2) and L210W (n=1).
High prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance among patients on first-line antiretroviral treatment in Lome, Togo.
PMID: 21663632
2011
Journal of the International AIDS Society
Result: In seven patients, the presence of one or two NRTI mutations (M41L, D67N) was also seen, but this had not yet resulted in drug resistance.
Result: Two patients had virus mutations indicative of the TAM-1 profile (M41L, L210W, T215S), and two of the TAM-2 profile (D67N, K70R, T215F, K219Q/R/E).
Table: D67N
Transmission of HIV drug resistance and non-B subtype distribution in the Spanish cohort of antiretroviral treatment naive HIV-infected individuals (CoRIS).
Abstract: The most prevalent resistance mutations were: T215 revertants (3.8%), D67NG (1.3%), K219QENR (1.2%) and M41L (1%), for NRTIs; K103N (3.2%), for NNRTIs; I54VLMSAT, M46I and L90M (0.7%), for PIs.
Moderate prevalence of transmitted drug resistance and high HIV-1 genetic diversity in patients from Mato Grosso State, Central Western Brazil.
Abstract: Drug resistance mutations were observed in 5.4%: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations M41L (n = 1), D67N (n = 1), and K219E (n = 1), the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutation K103N (n = 1) and the protease inhibitor mutation L90M (n = 1).
Genotypic resistance at viral rebound among patients who received lopinavir/ritonavir-based or efavirenz-based first antiretroviral therapy in South Africa.
PMID: 21694608
2011
Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)
Result: Four participants had at least one thymidine-associated mutation (TAM) - two recipients of ZDV+ddI had D67N + K70R, another ZDV+ddI recipient had K70R alone.
Transmitted drug resistance in the CFAR network of integrated clinical systems cohort: prevalence and effects on pre-therapy CD4 and viral load.
Abstract: We found that causal effect estimates of mutations M184V/I (-1.7 log10pVL) and D67N/G (-2.1[3 CD4] and 0.4 log10pVL) were compensated by K103N/S and K219Q/E/N/R.
Discussion: In contrast, the clinical consequences of D67N/G and K219Q/E are not as well known.
Discussion: Our results give the first evidence that the transmission of D67N/G may have deleterious virological and immunological consequences in therapy-naive patients that may be compensated by K219Q/E.
Discussion: Similarly, we have observed several compensatory interactions among mutations that would otherwise mask the actual effects of individual mutations on CD4 or pVL (e.
Synthesis of new 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-4'-azido nucleoside analogues as potent anti-HIV agents.
PMID: 21745701
2011
European journal of medicinal chemistry
Result: NRTI resistant viruses with D67N or M184V mutation are markedly resistant to compound 10.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2011
PloS one
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