literature

HIV mutation literature information.

Characteristics of Transmitted Drug-Resistant HIV-1 in Recently Infected Treatment-Naive Patients in Japan.

PMID: 26428230 2016 Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)

Abstract: Furthermore, sequences with these mutations, K103N and D30N/N88D formed clusters on phylogenetic trees.

Q148N, a Novel Integrase Inhibitor Resistance Mutation Associated with Low-Level Reduction in Elvitegravir Susceptibility.

PMID: 27009474 2016 AIDS research and human retroviruses

Introduction: A baseline genotypic resistance test revealed the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistance mutations L210W and T215D that were interpreted as causing intermediate resistance to zidovudine and low-level resistance to tenofovir; the non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-resistance mutations K101P and K103S that were interpreted as causing high-level resistance to each of the NNRTIs; and the protease inhibitor-resistance mutations D30N, L33F, I54V, N88D, and L90M

Binding of Clinical Inhibitors to a Model Precursor of a Rationally Selected Multidrug Resistant HIV-1 Protease Is Significantly Weaker Than That to the Released Mature Enzyme.

PMID: 27039930 2016 Biochemistry

Result: PR20 cluster 1 encompasses three mutations contiguous to the active site, D30N, V32I and L33F, that are not present in PRS17.

Result: In contrast, mutations D30N, V32I, L33F, I47V, I54L, and I84V are present in PR20 but not in PRS17.

HIV Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naive Individuals in the Largest Public Hospital in Nicaragua, 2011-2015.

PMID: 27736898 2016 PloS one

Result: Most PI SDRMs were present only as low-abundance variants under the 5% threshold, including L23I, D30N, I47V, I50V, F53L, I54T, G73S, V82A, N83D, I84V, I85V, N88DS, and L90M (Fig 2).

Structural Studies of a Rationally Selected Multi-Drug Resistant HIV-1 Protease Reveal Synergistic Effect of Distal Mutations on Flap Dynamics.

PMID: 27992544 2016 PloS one

Result: In PR20, four (D30N, V32I, I47V and I84V) of the 19 mutations alter residues in the active site cavity.

Computational Studies of a Mechanism for Binding and Drug Resistance in the Wild Type and Four Mutations of HIV-1 Protease with a GRL-0519 Inhibitor.

PMID: 27240358 2016 International journal of molecular sciences

Result: As shown in Figure 5C, the key distances, which can symbolize the binding between residues and inhibitor, are larger in D30N than in the WT.

Result: However, the decomposition of free energy shows that the electrostatic contribution of residue 30 in D30N is more favorable than in the WT.

Result: Of course, the other mutations (D30N, I54M, and V82A) also cause the redistribution of their nearby residues.

Drug-resistant HIV-1 protease regains functional dynamics through cleavage site coevolution.

PMID: 25685193 2015 Evolutionary applications

Abstract: Yet with substrate coevolution, while the wild-type dynamic behavior is restored in both p1-p6 ((LP) (1'F)p1-p6D30N/N88D) and NC-p1 ((AP) (2) (V)NC-p1V82A) bound proteases, the dynamic behavior of the NC-p1 bound protease variants (NC-p1V82A and (AP) (2) (V)NC-p1V82A) rather resemble those of the proteases bound to the other substrates, which is consistent with experimental studies.

Introduction: In the presence of D30N/

HIV-1 protease inhibitor drug resistance in Kenyan antiretroviral treatment-naive and -experienced injection drug users and non-drug users.

PMID: 26279669 2015 AIDS research and therapy

Result: Although major PI resistance mutations was not detected in the non-drug users, three major PI resistance mutations including L90M, M46I and D30N were detected in 4 (5.1 %) IDUs.

Result: In addition, D30N+M46I co-existed with G48E and K20I minor mutations, respectively, in 2 (4.2 %) ART-experienced IDUs.

Result: Interestingly, mutation L90M co-existed with K20R minor mutation in 1 (2.1 %) ART-experienced IDU, while D30N co-existed with T74S+K20R minor mutations in 1 (3.1 %) ART-naive IDU.

Epidemiological Surveillance of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Spain in 2004-2012: Relevance of Transmission Clusters in the Propagation of Resistance Mutations.

PMID: 26010948 2015 PloS one

Result: It is noteworthy that several major mutations associated to high level resistance to NRTIs (K65R, L74V, Y115F, M184V and T215Y), to NNRTIs (l100I, K101E, K103N/S, V106M, Y181C, Y188L and G190A) and to PIs (D30N, M46I/L, I54V/T, L76V, V82A, I84V, N88D

Conformational variation of an extreme drug resistant mutant of HIV protease.

PMID: 26397743 2015 Journal of molecular graphics & modelling

Method: Plasmid DNA encoding PR (subtype B of group M) with 20 mutations Q7K; L10F; I13V; I15V; D30N; V32I; L33F; E35D; M36I; S37N; I47V; I54L; Q58E; I62V; L63P; A71V; I84V; N88D; L89T and L90M (termed PR20) cloned between the Nde1 and BamH1 sites

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