Abstract: The Cys 30-Cys 31 motif in Tat is critical for exciting the NMDA receptor and the Cys31Ser mutation found in clade C Tat has a significantly attenuated neurotoxic response.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype C Tat fails to induce intracellular calcium flux and induces reduced tumor necrosis factor production from monocytes.
Abstract: In this study, we show that the mutation of a cysteine to a serine at residue 31 of Tat commonly found in subtype C variants significantly inhibits the abilities of the protein to bind to chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2), induce intracellular calcium flux, stimulate TNF and CCL2 production, and inhibit its chemoattractant properties.
HIV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2008
The Journal of neuroscience
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