HIV mutation literature information.


  The impact of multidideoxynucleoside resistance-conferring mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase on polymerase fidelity and error specificity.
 PMID: 9525609       1998       Journal of virology
Abstract: Therefore, we have examined wild-type HIV-1BH10 RT and two nucleoside analog-resistant variants, the Q151M and A62V/V75I/F77L/F116Y/Q151M (VILYM) RTs, for their overall forward mutation rates in an M13 gapped-duplex assay that utilizes lacZ alpha as a reporter.


  Altered drug sensitivity, fitness, and evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with pol gene mutations conferring multi-dideoxynucleoside resistance.
 PMID: 9593005       1998       The Journal of infectious diseases
Abstract: Investigations were done to determine whether the replication kinetics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 were altered when the virus acquired a set or subsets of five mutations (A62V, V75I, F77L, F116Y, and Q151M) in the pol gene conferring resistance to multiple dideoxynucleosides.


  Comparative enzymatic study of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase resistant to 2',3'-dideoxynucleotide analogs using the single-nucleotide incorporation assay.
 PMID: 9033399       1997       Biochemistry
Abstract: Determination of the Ki values toward 5'-triphosphates (TP) of various ddNs [3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT), 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (D4T), 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC), (-)-beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-3'-thiacytidine (3TC), (-)-beta-L-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine (FddC), 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (ddA), and 2'-beta-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (FddA)] and 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine diphosphate (PMEApp) revealed that RTA62V/V75I/F77L/F116Y/Q151M was insensitive to ddATP, AZTTP, D4TTP, FddATP, and ddCTP, but was sensitive to PMEApp, 3TCTP, and FddCTP.
Abstract: Employing the single-nucleotide incorporation assay using a heteropolymeric RNA template and DNA primers, we defined enzymatic profiles of recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)


  HIV-1 acquires resistance to two classes of antiviral drugs through homologous recombination.
 PMID: 9477118       1997       Antiviral research
Abstract: Co-transfection of COS-7 cells with an HIV-1 plasmid (pSUM13) carrying five mutations in the reverse transcriptase (RT)-encoding region (A62V, V75I, F77L, F116Y, Q151M), conferring resistance to multiple dideoxynucleoside analogs (ddNs), and another HIV-1 plasmid (pSUM431) carrying five mutations in the protease-encoding region (V321, L33F, K451, 184V, L89M), conferring resistance to protease inhibitors such as KNI-272, readily produced HIV-1 carrying both sets of mutations when propagated in MT-2 cells in the presence of azidothymidine (AZT) and KNI-272.


  Multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains resulting from combination antiretroviral therapy.
 PMID: 8551567       1996       Journal of virology
Abstract: Multidrug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains with reverse transcriptase (RT) mutations at codons A62-->V, V75-->I, F77-->L, F116-->Y, and Q151-->M have been reported in patients receiving combination therapy with zidovudine (AZT) and didanosine (ddI).


  Emergence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants with resistance to multiple dideoxynucleosides in patients receiving therapy with dideoxynucleosides.
 PMID: 7534421       1995       Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Abstract: A set of mutations [Ala-62-->Val(A62V), V75I, F77L, F116Y, and Q151M] in the polymerase domain of reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) confers on the virus a reduced sensitivity to multiple antiretroviral dideoxynucleosides and has been seen in HIV-1 variants isolated from patients receiving combination chemotherapy with 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) plus 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC) or 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI).


  Enzymatic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase resistant to multiple 2',3'-dideoxynucleoside 5'-triphosphates.
 PMID: 7559526       1995       The Journal of biological chemistry
Abstract: A set of five mutations (A62V, V75I, F77L, F116Y, and Q151M) in the polymerase domain of reverse transcriptase (RT) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), which confers on the virus a reduced sensitivity to multiple therapeutic dideoxynucleosides (ddNs), has been identified.



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