Abstract: Primary/secondary drug mutations (rtM204I/V, rtI169S, rtL180M, rtT184L, rtA194V, rtM204I/rtL91I, rtQ149K, rtQ215H/S, rtN238D) were detected in 38 (45.2%) of the patients.
Characterization and Clinical Significance of Natural Variability in Hepatitis B Virus Reverse Transcriptase in Treatment-Naive Chinese Patients by Sanger Sequencing and Next-Generation Sequencing.
PMID: 31189581
2019
Journal of clinical microbiology
Result: Also, rtS213T, rtV214A, rtL229G/V/W/F, N/H238D/T, and S/C256G were detected in 13 patients by both Sanger sequencing and NGS, including 3 patients with rtS213T (98.44%, 46.88%, and 80.97% by NGS), 2 with rtV214A (49.18% and 99.24%), 1 with rtL229V (50.84%), 1 with rtN238T (98.85%), 5 with S/C256G (97.28%, 97.93%, 92.26%, 97.79%, and 98.31%), and 1 w
Evaluation of the pol/S Gene Overlapping Mutations in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients in Northern Cyprus.
PMID: 31880877
2019
Polish journal of microbiology
Result: Twenty-five patients (36.7%) had secondary/compensatory mutations and the mutations patterns (rtL91I, rtQ149K, rtQ215H/P/S and rtN238D) were depicted in Table II.
Discussion: In the current study, among 68 patients, there were 25 (37%) secondary/compensatory resistance mutations (rtL91I, rtQ149K, rtQ215H/P/S, rtN238D) which are related to LdT, LAM, and ADV resistance.
Naturally occurring hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase mutations related to potential antiviral drug resistance and liver disease progression.
PMID: 29713126
2018
World journal of gastroenterology
Method: A total of 26 types of RT mutations, including rtS53N, rtT54N, rtL82M, rtV84M, rtS85A, rtI91L, rtY126C, rtT128I/N, rtN139D, rtW153Q, rtF166L, rt
Analysis of potential antiviral resistance mutation profiles within the HBV reverse transcriptase in untreated chronic hepatitis B patients using an ultra-deep pyrosequencing method.
PMID: 24630522
2014
Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease
Abstract: However, NAr mutations found in 6 isolates (37.5%) involved 7 positions including rtL91I, rtT128I, rtQ215P, rtF221Y, rtN238D, rtC256S, and rtI266G.
Abstract: Substitutions at 3 NAr mutation sites (rtT128I, rtN238D, and rtC256S) were detected in 3 unresponsive patients developing d
Hepatitis B and Delta virus are prevalent but often subclinical co-infections among HIV infected patients in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: a cross-sectional study.
Discussion: The [V214A] and the [N238D] mutations may be considered as secondary resistance mutations against adefovir conferring very low-level resistance in vitro , however the clinical relevance of these HBV polymerase mutations in ART naive patients still needs to be elucidated.
Drug-related mutational patterns in hepatitis B virus (HBV) reverse transcriptase proteins from Iranian treatment-naive chronic HBV patients.
Discussion: In addition, a number of other mutations have been detected in our study and were clustered into three distinct regions of the RT: the D and A domains (rtP237H, rtN238T/D, rtV84M, and rtS85A) and the C-D interdomain (rtS213T/N, rtV214A, and rtQ215S).
Molecular characterization of a novel entecavir mutation pattern isolated from a multi-drug refractory patient with chronic hepatitis B infection.
Abstract: RESULTS: Dominance of a clone carrying L80LV, L91I, M204I, S219A, N238D, Y245H changes was detected in the last serum sample of the patient just before his death.
Prevalence, virology and antiviral drugs susceptibility of hepatitis B virus rtN238H polymerase mutation from 1865 Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Abstract: Amino acid substitutions at positions rtN238T/D of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase have been reported as potential mutations associated with adefovir (ADV) resistance.
Abstract: Among 1865 enrolled HBV infected patients, 8.8% (165/1865) showed mutations in the rtN238 locus (143 males/22 females, 91 treatment-naive, 42 ADV-treated, 16 LAM-treated and 16 ADV+LAM-treated), namely 86% rtN238H (142/165), 5.5% rtN238S (9/165), 5.5% rtN238T (9/165) and 3% rtN238D (5/165).
HBV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2020
Infection and drug resistance
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