Result: Because the entire S gene is embedded within the viral polymerase gene, some viral polymerase mutations that confer drug resistance can cause amino acid sequence changes in HBsAg; major ones include E164D, W172L, L173F, I195M and W196L/S/V.
Result: We found that these mutations, either alone or in combination of doubles, do not affect Lenvervimab binding with the exceptions of E164A/D/G/V (Fig 6).
Hepatitis B virus drug resistance mutations in HIV/HBV co-infected children in Windhoek, Namibia.
Naturally occurring hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase mutations related to potential antiviral drug resistance and liver disease progression.
PMID: 29713126
2018
World journal of gastroenterology
Table: E164D
Immune-escape mutations and stop-codons in HBsAg develop in a large proportion of patients with chronic HBV infection exposed to anti-HBV drugs in Europe.
Abstract: The immune-associated escape mutations and the NA-induced immune-escape mutations sI195M, sI196S, and sE164D (resulting from drug-resistance mutation rtM204 V, rtM204I, and rtV173L) were retrieved from literature and examined.
Method: We also analyzed the prevalence of the NA-induced immune-escape mutations sI195M, sI196S, and sE164D (resulting from drug-r
Expansion of viral variants associated with immune escape and impaired virion secretion in patients with HBV reactivation after resolved infection.
Result: These three altered nucleotides included non-synonymous mutations in the S gene coding region; sG145A, sE164D, and s*223 W (conversion of a stop codon into a tryptophan codon) alterations.
Result: Variants with the sE164D substitution also increased from 0% to 99.5% for the total population, and variants with the s*223 W substitution expanded from 8.3% to 99.4% of the circulating viral isolates, while the virologic significance of these two substitutions remained unknown.
HBV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2020
Annals of hepatology
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