Abstract: The mutations at the 31 (Ser314Pro), 529 (Asp480Asn), and 1078 (Ser663Ala) sites all resulted in amino acid changes in hepatitis B virus polymerase and were associated with shortened life-span.

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Result: As shown in Table 4, after adjusting for clinical characteristics, the following three mutation sites were identified as independent predictors of a shorter survival period in HCC at statistically significant levels: mutation at nucleotide 31 (RR, 8.929; 95% CI, 3.433-23.22; P = 0.000) inducing the 314 Ser to Pro amino acid substitution in the spacer domain; at nucleotide 529 (RR, 5.656; 95% CI, 1.599-19.999; P = 0.007) inducing the 480 Asp to Asn amino acid substitution; and at nucleotide 1078 (RR, 3.442; 95% CI, 1.070

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