HBV mutation literature information.


  Naturally occurring hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase mutations related to potential antiviral drug resistance and liver disease progression.
 PMID: 29713126       2018       World journal of gastroenterology
Method: For example, using direct sequencing of samples from treatment-naive patients from the United States, Nguyen et al demonstrated that only four (0.9%) of 472 patients were infected with viruses with primary and secondary mutations (rtA181A/S, rtA194S, and rtM250I).


  Clinical course and predictive factors of virological response in long-term lamivudine plus adefovir dipivoxil combination therapy for lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B patients.
 PMID: 21503906       2011       Journal of medical virology
Abstract: Breakthrough hepatitis occurred in three patients without complete viral response and with poor response to the preceding LAM monotherapy, and rtA181A/V substitution was detected in one of the three patients.


  Prevalence of hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase mutations in treatment-naive patients with chronic hepatitis B.
 PMID: 19785624       2009       Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics
Abstract: Some (16.7%) had mutations of unknown clinical significance (rtV207M/L/I) and only 4 patients had rtA181A/S, rtA194S or M250I.



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