Figure: B No apparent defect in virion secretion was detected in two polymerase YIDD mutants containing envelope mutations W196L and W196S, respectively.
Discussion: As a side note, it is worth mentioning here that neither envelope W196L nor W196S could support HDV virion secretion.
Discussion: However, we were intrigued that the same polymerase mutant YIDD with a different envelope mutation W196L, displayed an even stronger signal of virion-associated DNA, at least in this in vitro HuH-7 cell culture setting.
Discussion: The enhanced virion secretion
Global prevalence and phylogeny of hepatitis B virus (HBV) drug and vaccine resistance mutations.
Discussion: For example, RAMs in HBV reverse transcriptase, A181T/V, M204I and M204V, cause corresponding changes in the overlapping region of HBsAg (W172 stop, W196S/L/Stop and I195M, respectively).
Hepatitis B virus drug resistance mutations in HIV/HBV co-infected children in Windhoek, Namibia.
Abstract: Resistance mutations included rtL80I, rtV173L, rtL180M, rtM204I/V and the overlapping sE164D, sW182*, sI195M and sW196LS variants.
Discussion: Lamivudine resistance mutations detected in the RT region resulted in sE164D, sI195M, and
Hepatitis B Virus preS/S Truncation Mutant rtM204I/sW196* Increases Carcinogenesis through Deregulated HIF1A, MGST2, and TGFbi.
PMID: 32887289
2020
International journal of molecular sciences
Introduction: rtM204I is a common 3TC-resistant mutation emerging in antiviral therapy, and may result in truncation or missense mutations on the overlapping surface gene (sW196*/S/L).
Discussion: As for rtM204I/sW196* (YIDDst in this study), a mutant less commonly encountered than rtM204I/sW196S/L (* 8.2%, L 76.4%, S 10.2%, and L/S 5.1%) in 3TC or Telbivudine-experienced patients, we proved that YIDDst-transfected cells presented a transformation and tumorigenesis potential.
A recombinant human immunoglobulin with coherent avidity to hepatitis B virus surface antigens of various viral genotypes and clinical mutants.
Result: Because the entire S gene is embedded within the viral polymerase gene, some viral polymerase mutations that confer drug resistance can cause amino acid sequence changes in HBsAg; major ones include E164D, W172L, L173F, I195M and W196L/S/V.
Molecular Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus in Turkish Cypriot.
PMID: 31880889
2019
Polish journal of microbiology
Discussion: These were rtM204I/sW196L mutations (Table II).
Viral quasispecies of hepatitis B virus in patients with YMDD mutation and lamivudine resistance may not predict the efficacy of lamivudine/adefovir rescue therapy.
PMID: 30906435
2019
Experimental and therapeutic medicine
Result: In the present study, the most prevalent mutations were those in the S region (sP120Q, sQ129R, sT131I, sM133I, sG145R, sY161F/H, sI195M/T, sW196S/L, sW199C/L and sM213I/T; Table III).
Nucleotide Substitutions in Hepatitis B Viruses Derived from Chronic HBV Patients.
PMID: 31308922
2019
Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases
Result: Five (5) mutations were detected within the surface gene in the patients (F8L, T118M, E164D, T189I, and W196L).
Result: The most common amino acid change found within HBsAg was W196L in 13 (39.0%) isolates.
Naturally occurring hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase mutations related to potential antiviral drug resistance and liver disease progression.
PMID: 29713126
2018
World journal of gastroenterology
Method: RT mutations rtN139K/T/H and rtM204I/V also cause simultaneous mutations in the overlapped HBsAg coding sequence ( Method: The mutations rtA181T/V, rtM204I, and rtM204V also cause the simultaneous HBsAg mutations, sW172 stop, sW196S/L/Stop, and sI195M, respectively (Table 1).
Mutations associated with drug resistance and prevalence of vaccine escape mutations in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection.
Abstract: In addition, four mutations in gene S (three cases with the sI195M mutation and one with the W196L mutation), were detected, corresponding to a rate of 6% of vaccine escape mutations.
HBV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2021
Journal of biomedical science
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