Discussion: Moreover, there are other reported escape mutants (P120T, T126A/S, and D144A/G) responsible for the evasion of vaccine-induced antibodies and therefore cause HBV infection in vaccinated individuals.
Molecular evolution of hepatitis B vaccine escape variants in China, during 2000-2016.
Abstract: Four sites (A5T/S, L21S, T/A126S and T/N131I/A) and 13 sites (N3S, T5A, G10Q/R/E, L21S, T47K/A/V, L98V/P, I/S126N/V/T, Q129H/R/L, T131P/I/N/A, G145A/R, L175S/F, L213I/S, V224A/G) were found to be under positive selection in genotype B and C HBV vaccine escape strains, re
Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus in Vietnam.
4Method: The S gene sequence was analyzed for mutations in the ""a"" determinant region (T116 N, P120S/T, I/T126S/A, Q129H/R, M133 L/T, K141E, P142S, D144E, and G145R), and other virulence associated mutations (N3S, V184A, and S204R)."
5Result: Among the isolates, 8.1% (11/135) had a mutation in the ""a"" determinant region including 2.2% (3/135) P120S/T, 2.2% (3/135) I/T126S/A, 3% (4/135) PMID: 28751727
2017
Scientific reports
Introduction: G145R mutation was the first identified VEMs to be described in 1990, and later several other notable VEMs (I/T126S, Q129H, G130N, D144A, G145A) at different positions associated with HBV breakthrough infections have also been repeatedly documented worldwide.
Prevalence of S gene mutations within the major hydrophilic region of hepatitis B virus in patients in Dongguan, southern China.
Abstract: Furthermore, the mutations sY100C, sQ101R/K, sS114A, sP120T, sT/I126A/N/S, sQ129R, sM133L/T/S and sG145R/A were prevalent in at least one genotype, with a frequency higher than 1%, which indicated that these mutations were relatively common.
Hepatitis B genotypes and surface antigen mutants present in Pakistani blood donors.
Result: However, the T/I126S mutant was undetectable in the breakthrough cohort with the G145R/K mutant as a major population.
Result: In contrast, the T/I126S mutant was detected in 4 (22%) of 18 patients who were negative for the LNA-based probe real-time PCR in the breakthrough cohort.
Result: In the breakthrough cohort, the T/I126S mutant showed the second highest frequency.
Higher detection rates of amino acid substitutions in HBV reverse transcriptase/surface protein overlapping sequence is correlated with lower serum HBV DNA and HBsAg levels in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with subgenotype B2.
PMID: 27006281
2016
Infection, genetics and evolution
Abstract: The most frequently detected substitutions were rtN134D/S (44/143, 30.8%) and sT126A/S (22/143, 15.4%), which were located in the RT A-B interdomain region and the corresponding antigenicity determinant region of S protein, respectively.
Seroepidemiology and occult hepatitis B virus infection in young adults in Banjarmasin, Indonesia.
Abstract: Thirteen amino acid substitutions were identified: T126S, P127S, Q129R, T131N, M133T, and Y161S in the HBsAg-positive group; P120T, T126I, G145S, Y161F, E164V, and V168F in the occult-HBV group; and T143S in both groups.
S gene mutants occurrence among hepatitis B carriers in malaysia.
Discussion: The MHR region contains residues 99-169 of HBsAg and T/I126S, Q129H, G130N, S143L, D144A, G145A, and G145R were among the commonly reported mutations.
HBV mutation literature information.
PMID: 
2017
PloS one
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